Translation is an indispensable tool for communication between the diverse linguistic groups. It opens new horizons for the people living in a country so that it makes changes and improvements in their society, especially in the literature. Through the translation process, some literary principles and elements are introduced into the home literature which did not exist before. These features em...

As we begin a new year and new work with the Illinois Community College Board (ICCB), we are thrilled to see our PTR Year Two: Implementation Communities’ teams get their project work up and running. Designed to transform student outcomes and share their innovations and successes with their colleagues across the state, these grassroots teams are using their data and evidence-based practices to ...

Background Since the global economic crisis, a harsher economic climate and global commitments to address the problems of global health and poverty have led to increased donor interest to fund effective health innovations that offer value for money. Simultaneously, further aid effectiveness is being sought through encouraging governments in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to strengthen...

One of the interests of studying scientific practice from the vantage point of literature is that it adds another series of mediations to the many that historians, sociologists, and philosophers are unfolding when they analyze laboratories, instruments, controversies, disciplines or institutions.1 Scientific texts, to be sure, have no privilege,but neither are they inferior to the many sources ...

The connection between written literature and its oral forms has long interested scholars. Literary scholars, however, have paid little attention to stuttering and its relationship to literature. The stutterer is keenly aware of the difficult world between the written and the spoken word; between the word on paper and speech itself.1 The stutterer accords his own speech an extraordinary degree ...