Across different medical fields, authors have placed a greater emphasis on the reporting of efficacy measures than harms in randomised controlled trials (RCTs), particularly of nonpharmacologic interventions. To rectify this situation, the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) group and other researchers have issued guidance to improve the reporting of harms. Graded Exercise Ther...

An editorial in this issue describes a cannabis policy framework document issued by a major Canadian research centre, calling for legalization of non-medical use under strict controls to prevent increase in use, especially by adolescents and young adults who are most vulnerable to adverse effects of cannabis. It claims that such a system would eliminate the severe personal, social and monetary ...

BACKGROUND It has recently been argued that drug-related harms cannot be compared, so making it impossible to choose rationally between various drug policy options. Attempts to apply international human rights law to this area are valid, but have found it difficult to overcome the problems in applying codified human rights to issues of drug policy. METHOD This article applies the rationalist ...

BACKGROUND The economic, social and health costs associated with alcohol-related harms are important measures with which to inform alcohol management policies and laws. This analysis builds on previous cost estimates for South Africa. METHODS We reviewed existing international best-practice costing frameworks to provide the costing definitions and dimensions. We sourced data from South Africa...

This brief report presents results on how gamblers have experienced risks and change during the exceptional situation caused by COVID-19 pandemic. The study is based online questionnaires collected University of Helsinki Finnish Association for Substance Use Prevention (N = 586). Results show that reduced availability gambling in context has limited its total consumption. risk gambling-related ...

This commentary traces discussions of psychological differences and deficits from the mid-1950s to the current day, positioning the disciplinary discussions in the social-historical context in which they took place. The challenges of assessing diagnoses of deficit and the potential harms that result when misdiagnosis is implemented as social policy pervade the discussion over time.

background south pars special economic energy zone is the world's second largest gas reservoir that was established two decades ago. high incidence of social harms is observed in this region due to various problems such as drug addiction which is of high prevalence. conclusions it is necessary to implement simultaneous national interventions as soon as possible to improve the economic, social, ...

annually, 4.7% of people aged 15-64 (184 million people) consume illegal drugs globally which is associated with numerous social and individual harms. according to expanded physical, psychological and social complications of addiction, treatment methods must include a combination of medical, psychological and social care. in terms of oral health, addiction aggravates direct or indirect oral pro...