Flame weeding is an alternative method of weed control. Essentially, it a supplement to other physical and mechanical processes used in organic production. Weed control costs have large share the total cost crop This study aimed investigate hand hoeing’s cost-effectiveness, accompanied by inter-row cultivation flame applied maize production using two different machines determine economically be...

One of the wood industry activities in forestry sector is Eucalyptus sp at PT.Riau Mainstay Pulp and Paper Riau Province. The production process used for pulpand has many factors its productivity. them planting with weedcontrol problems, which use herbicide active ingredient glyphosate. glyphosate not effective against all types weeds. Therefore, it necessary to know right combination weed cont...

A key enabling factor for treating individualized weeds in the crops is Automatic Weeding Control device (AWCd) as it being capable of finding and distinguishing field. The non-herbicide approaches used to manage are a component personalized treatment weed crops. In this study, mechanical control techniques investigated an alternative. three specifications—a cutting mechanism, head-surface till...

To assess potential effects of seed limitation, characteristics of invader species and characteristics of established plant communities on recruitment success, we conducted a split-plot experiment factorially combining three weeding treatments corresponding to increasing successional age (regular weeding < cessation of weeding after three years < never weeded since sowing) with two seed limitat...

North American prairie vegetation has been a role model for designing highly attractive plantings for German urban green spaces for the past decade. In combination with gravel mulch top layers on planting sites and non-selective maintenance techniques like mowing or burning, prairie plantings are considered to be cost-effective and low-maintenance. This study was undertaken to assess the impact...

Plant morphogenesis requires differential and often asymmetric growth. A key role in controlling anisotropic expansion of individual cells is played by the cortical microtubule array. Although highly organized, the array can nevertheless rapidly change in response to internal and external cues. Experiments have identified the microtubule-severing enzyme katanin as a central player in controllin...