In the present study, we describe a new type of visuomotor neurons, named tool-responding mirror neurons, which are found in the lateral sector of monkey ventral premotor area F5. Tool-responding mirror neurons discharge when the monkey observes actions performed by an experimenter with a tool (a stick or a pair of pliers). This response is stronger than that obtained when the monkey observes a...

The paper describes two experiments for investigating the influence of different levels of camera displacement on hand-eye coordination while using a video see-through head-mounted display. During the first experiment 15 camera positions with five levels of height displacement and three levels of depth displacement were compared in four different tasks. Using a two-way ANOVA, the comparison of ...

We recorded electrical activity from 532 neurons in the rostral part of inferior area 6 (area F5) of two macaque monkeys. Previous data had shown that neurons of this area discharge during goal-directed hand and mouth movements. We describe here the properties of a newly discovered set of F5 neurons ("mirror neurons', n = 92) all of which became active both when the monkey performed a given act...

The performance in a mirror star tracing task was assessed in two groups of volunteers (yoga and control) with 26 people in each group, and age range between 18 and 45 years. The star to be traced was six pointed and the outline was made up of 60 circles (4 mm in diameter). At the end of one month the yoga group showed a significant improvement in terms of an increase in the number of circles c...

I have noticed a striking effect that vision can have on movement: when a person makes circular motions with both hands, clockwise with the left hand, counterclockwise with the right hand, while watching the reflection of one hand in a parasagitally placed mirror, if one arm makes a vertical excursion, the other arm tends to make the same vertical excursion, but not typically if the excursing a...

abstractbeing present for centuries, myths are our ancestors’ heritage that continues to reverberate in man’s unconscious mind. they contain symbols, frequently reflected in a variety of forms in literary and art works of different eras.using these symbols for depicting a panoramic world will connect myths –which are often about supernatural incidences- to mysticism –which illustrates the unsee...

A novel scheme is introduced that uses a mirror and a single camera to restore the 3D position of a finger tip. The camera is positioned in such a way that it captures both the hand as well as its mirror image. The captured images are then processed to extract the contour of the hand. This extraction process is done using a fast algorithm that integrates Bayesian estimation into the traditional...

Cross-limb transfer (CLT) describes the observation of bilateral performance gains due to unilateral motor practice. Previous research has suggested that CLT may be reduced, or absent, in older adults, possibly due to age-related structural and functional brain changes. Based on research showing increases in CLT due to the provision of mirror visual feedback (MVF) during task execution in young...

PURPOSE This review gives an overview of the current state of research regarding the effectiveness of mirror therapy in upper extremity function. METHOD A systematic literature search was performed to identify studies concerning mirror therapy in upper extremity. The included journal articles were reviewed according to a structured diagram and the methodological quality was assessed. RESULT...

We developed a multiphoton microscope which integrates an all normal dispersion fiber laser, a double cladding photonic crystal fiber and a MEMS mirror scanner based hand-held probe. The fiber laser has a central wavelength of 1.06um,a repetition rate of 76MHz and maximum average output power of more than 1W. The MEMS mirror based probe is compact and Second harmonic generation and two photon e...