The poor prognosis and mortality in HIV infection has been associated with deficiency of micronutrients such as zinc copper. This study aimed to investigate the level some trace elements HIV-seropositive subjects receiving HAART treatment.

Few studies have examined immune activation profiles in patients with advanced HIV-1 subtype C infection or assessed their potential to predict responsiveness to HAART. BioPlex, ELISA, and nephelometric procedures were used to measure plasma levels of inflammatory biomarkers in HIV-1 subtype C-infected patients sampled before and after 6 months of successful HAART (n = 20); in patients failing ...

BACKGROUND The benefit of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in the treatment of patients coinfected with tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is unclear because of concerns about treatment-related complications. METHODS We compared outcomes in patients starting TB treatment during the pre-HAART era (before 1996; n=36) with those in patients starting treatment du...

OBJECTIVE To determine the association of race with clinical and laboratory outcomes after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV-1-infected women in the United States. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS A total of 961 HIV-1-infected women participating in the Women's Interagency HIV Study initiating HAART between July 1, 1995 and September 30, 20...

Primary HIV-1 infection causes extensive immune activation, during which CD4(+) T cell activation supports massive HIV-1 production. We tested the safety and the immune-modulating effects of combining cyclosporin A (CsA) treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) during primary HIV-1 infection. Nine adults with primary HIV-1 infection were treated with CsA along with HAART. At ...

Background Clinical response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) varies among different populations. A portion of this variability may be due to variation in genes involved in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of HAART. Design To identify genetic factors involved in virologic responses to HAART, 13 genes in ADME pathways were analyzed in a cohort of HI...

BACKGROUND Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), morbidity and mortality rates have sharply decreased among HIV-infected patients. Studies of possible differences between men and women in the course of HIV infection give conflicting results. The objective of this study was to assess sex differences during HAART. METHODS A literature search by using the MEDLIN...

BACKGROUND The male genital tract is suspected to constitute a viral sanctuary as persistent HIV shedding is found in the semen of a subset of HIV-infected men receiving effective antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The origin of this persistent shedding is currently unknown. Phylogenetic studies indicated that HIV in semen from untreated men arises from local sources and/or passive diffusion from ...

OBJECTIVES We describe pregnant womens' access to PMTCT and HAART services and associated birth outcomes in South Africa. METHODS Women recuperating in postnatal wards of a referral hospital participated in an evaluation during February-May 2010 during which their maternity records were examined to describe their access to VCT, CD4 Counts, dual ART or HAART during pregnancy. RESULTS Of the ...