The adsorption and dissociation of water on a Ru(0001) surface containing a small amount (≤ 3 %) of carbon impurities was studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Various surface species are formed depending on the temperature. These include molecular H2O, H2O-C complexes, H, O, OH and CH. Clusters of either pure H2O or mixed H2O-OH species are also formed. Each of these species produces...

The presence of hydrogen can affect elastic properties and seismic velocities of minerals in the Earth's upper mantle. In this study, the secondorder elastic constants of hydrous wadsleyites containing 0.37, 0.84, and 1.66 wt.% H2O were determined by Brillouin scattering at ambient conditions. Measurements were performed on at least three independent crystal planes for each composition. The agg...

We have compared ease of insertion, oropharyngeal leak pressure, directly measured pharyngeal mucosal pressure and anatomical position (assessed fibreoptically) for the size 4 and size 5 laryngeal mask airway (LMA) in 20 male and 20 female patients. Microchip pressure sensors were attached to the LMA at locations corresponding to the piriform fossa, hypopharynx, base of the tongue, lateral and ...

BACKGROUND Caffeine is a commonly used drug for apnea of prematurity. It may, however, also have a beneficial effect on bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), which is the most common complication of extreme preterm birth. OBJECTIVES To study the inflammatory, structural and functional effects of caffeine in an animal model of BPD. METHODS Preterm New Zealand-Dendermonde rabbits (gestational day...

The Red cell-Hb-CSF functions as a sensor adapting response to Hb heterotropic equilibriums. At the lungs O2 and Mg2+, each one increasing affinity for the other stabilize the relax (R) form [(O2)4Hb(Mg)2].(H2O)R. At tissue level, the inclusion of H+ and 2,3-DPG excludes O2 and Mg2+ to stabilize the tense (T) form 2,3-DPG-deoxyHb-(H2O)T. Both senses are integrated into a cycle T into R and R in...

We present a search for 183GHz H2O(313→220) emission in the infrared–luminous quasar MG0751+2716 with the NRAO Very Large Array (VLA). At z = 3.200 ± 0.001, this water emission feature is redshifted to 43.6GHz. As opposed to the faint rotational transitions of HCN (the standard high–density tracer at high–z), H2O(313→220) is observed with high maser amplification factors in Galactic star–formin...

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a powerful deposition technique for constructing uniform, conformal, and ultrathin films in microelectronics, photovoltaics, catalysis, energy storage, and conversion. The possible pathways for silicon dioxide (SiO2) ALD using silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4) and water (H2O) without a catalyst have been investigated by means of density functional theory calculation...

A unique example of a hydrogen-bonded ionic solid with a porosity of 80 %, [Co(H2O)6]3 [Co2Au3 (d-pen-N,S)6]2 (1; d-H2 pen=d-penicillamine), composed of [Co(H2O)6](2+) cations and [Co2Au3 (d-pen-N,S)6 ](3-) anions, is reported. Solid 1 was kinetically produced and was then transformed stepwise into two more thermodynamically stable solids with lower porosities, [Co(H2O)4 ][Co(H2O)6]2 [Co2Au3 (d...

Hydrous melting driven by changes in H2O storage capacity may occur in a variety of settings in the mantle, including in oceanic basalt sources and in deeper regions above and below the transition zone. The 50–200 ppm H2O in the upper mantle likely derives from a blend of sources that may include residues of hydrous partial melting, either in the deep mantle and/or beneath arcs or oceanic islan...

The crystal and molecular structures of [bis(5-chloro-2methoxybenzoate)tetraaquamanganese(II)], [pentaaqua(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoato)cobalt(II)] (5chloro-2-methoxybenzoate), [pentaaqua(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoato)nickel(II)] (5-chloro-2methoxybenzoate) and [aquabis(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoate)zinc(II)] monohydrate were determined by a single-crystal X-ray analysis. Mn(H2O)4L2 (where L = C8H6ClO3...