Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is an islet neuropeptide that stimulates insulin secretion. To explore whether islet GRP contributes to neurally mediated insulin secretion, we studied GRP receptor (GRPR)-deleted mice. By using RT-PCR we showed that GRPR mRNA is expressed in islets of wild-type mice, but is lost in GRPR-deleted mice. Functional studies revealed that GRP potentiates glucose-stimu...

Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) stimulates insulin secretion by a direct islet effect. In this study, we initially demonstrated, by immunocytochemistry of the mouse pancreas, GRP immunoreactive nerve fibers within exocrine tissue, islets, and intrapancreatic ganglia. A more pronounced GRP innervation was found in ganglia compared with in islets. We therefore studied whether indirect cholinergic...

Excessive oxygen (O2) can cause tissue injury, scarring, aging, and even death. Our laboratory is studying O2-sensing pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) and the PNEC-derived product gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from exposure to hyperoxia, ozone, or ionizing radiation (RT) can induce PNEC degranulation and GRP secretion. PNEC degranulation is also ...

BACKGROUND The overall survival for neuroblastoma remains dismal, in part due to the emergence of resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. We have demonstrated that gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), a gut peptide secreted by neuroblastoma, acts as an autocrine growth factor. We hypothesized that knockdown of GRP will induce apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells and potentiate the cytotoxic effects of ch...

Gla-rich protein (GRP) was described in sturgeon as a new vitamin-K-dependent protein (VKDP) with a high density of Gla residues and associated with ectopic calcifications in humans. Although VKDPs function has been related with γ-carboxylation, the Gla status of GRP in humans is still unknown. Here, we investigated the expression of recently identified GRP spliced transcripts, the γ-carboxylat...

Human small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) cells have been shown to contain significant levels of a bombesin-immunoreactive peptide. The 27-amino acid peptide, gastrin releasing peptide (GRP), has recently been shown to be responsible for the bombesin-like immunoreactivity found in SCLC cells. Among four lung cancer cell lines examined in vitro, GRP exhibited mitogenic activity for two SCLC subtype...

A predominant population of mucosal nerves in the mammalian gastric body has been known to contain large amounts of gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP). The present immunohistochemical study demonstrates the depletion of GRP immunoreactivity from nerves in the oxyntic mucosa of rats with ulcers induced by restraint plus water immersion. Depletion of GRP occurred in a major part of the nerves after ...

A MANET network is assembly of sensor nodes, where each node acts as router. MANETs are not based on centralized structure; therefore each node is responsible for routing the data packets from source to destination. This is done by implementing a routing protocol. Routing plays very influential role in MANETs. In this paper work an attempt has been made to compare the OLSR with GRP routing prot...

Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) has recently been identified as an itch-signaling molecule in the primary afferents and spinal cord of rodents. However, little information exists on the expression and localization of GRP in the trigeminal somatosensory system other than in rats. We examined the generality of the trigeminal GRP system in mammals using two distinct species, suncus as a model of s...

The glucose-regulated protein (GRP) system in mammalian cells is induced by glucose deprivation, anoxia, the calcium ionophore A23187, and 2-deoxyglucose. In Chinese hamster ovary cells the major GRPs are approximately equal to 76, 97, and 170 kDa. Removal of each of these four GRP-inducing stresses leads to the coordinate repression of GRPs and induction of the major heat shock proteins at 70 ...