In Northern Thailand, the size and topographical structure of farmland makes it necessary for operators of small-scale waste management systems to be able to reach their clients in an effective manner. Over the past decades, corn contract farming has increased, and the chief method for eliminating waste from these farms has chiefly been open burning on the fields, which produces enormous amount...

Invasion by free-floating species, such as Eichhornia crassipes, is one of the most critical threats to the biodiversity and sustainability of wetland ecosystems, where all plants experience spatial heterogeneity in substrate nutrients. However, few studies have focused on the effects of free-floating invaders on the capacity of submerged plants to utilize substrate nutrients. A 10-week greenho...

Abstract: Singers appear to experience health benefits from singing, but their art makes physical demands that may leave them prone to health problems. The study sought to measure singers’ immunocompetence under practice and performance conditions. Salivary IgA and cortisol measurements were assayed from multiple pre-post saliva samples obtained from 10 solo singers as they rehearsed and perfor...

A model of heat transfer through greenhouse covering materials was developed in this study. The influences of the thermal properties of covering materials, the construct parameters of greenhouse and the environment inner and outer of greenhouse were completely considered in the model. Heat transfer flux density through covering layer can be simulated and forecasted by using this model. The simu...

Greenhouses are often used for growing flowers, vegetables, fruits, and tobacco plants. Most greenhouse systems still use the manual system in monitoring the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse, a lot of problems can occur not for worker but also affected production rate because the temperature and humidity of the greenhouse must be constantly monitored to ensure optimal conditions. The ...

A (semi-)closed greenhouse is a novel greenhouse with an active cooling system and temporary heat storage in an aquifer. Air is cooled, heated and dehumidified by air treatment units. Climate in (semi-)closed greenhouses differs from that of conventional open greenhouses. The aims of our research were first, to analyze the effect of active cooling on greenhouse climate, in terms of stability, g...

A high quality greenhouse control demands continuous measurements of indoor and outdoor greenhouse conditions. In this work, neural network models were used for reducing the cost and the time of temperature measurements, estimating two of the most important parameters in the operation of the greenhouse, namely the inside air temperature and the cover temperature of greenhouse. An extensive expe...

Traditional water-saving irrigation management turns on water pump in a settled interval decided by grower’s experience. The method just saves water on the back of losing yield. In order to result the problem, a kind of greenhouse efficient irrigation management system based on Evapotranspiration has been developed. The system includes greenhouse environmental monitoring subsystem, irrigation a...

Continuous advancements in wireless technology and miniaturization have made the deployment of sensor networks to monitor various aspects of the environment increasingly flexible. The function of a greenhouse is to create the optimal growing conditions for the full life of the plants. Using autonomous measuring systems helps to monitor all the necessary parameters for creating the optimal envir...