Studies on positive emotions in language learning have increased over the years. However, gratitude, a moral virtue, which may novel effect foreign language, remains underexplored applied linguistics. This paper aims to know antecedents of gratitude and its constructs English as context. Nineteen were generated create survey questionnaire called Foreign Language Gratitude Scale, 4-point Likert ...

Gratitude and indebtedness are differently-valenced emotional responses to benefits provided that have implications for interpersonal processes. Drawing on a social functional model of emotions, we tested the roles of gratitude and indebtedness in romantic relationships with a daily-experience sampling of both members of cohabiting couples. As hypothesized, the receipt of thoughtful benefits pr...

This study aims to determine whether there is an increase in gratitude after being given dhikr therapy training students of the Faculty Social and Political Sciences, Mulawarman University. uses a quantitative experimental method. The subjects this were 18 Department Psychology University, using purposive sampling technique. data collection method used scale as pretest posttest. was carried out...

While researchers have offered remonstration-oriented, reciprocal, voluntary, and gratitude-based accounts of political obligation in classical Confucianism, I argue that these interpretations are either conflict with the textual evidence or merely scratch surface Confucius’ theory without fully elaborating its essence. Instead, demonstrate Confucianism is a specific argument from paternalistic...