The successful, area-wide application of the mating disruption (MD) technique, an insect sex pheromone-based biotechnological pest control method, against European grapevine moth Lobesia botrana and grape berry Eupoecilia ambiguella, has led to drastic reductions in insecticide vineyards. However, since pheromone perception emission can be affected by abiotic conditions, future success MD may c...

Grapes (Vitis vinifera) are of great economic importance worldwide. We genetically dissected a table grape breeding population, using hidden Markov models (HMM) applied to quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses. We evaluated and dissected the following traits: total number of clusters, leaf score, peduncle length, cluster length, number of berries, weight of 10 berries, average seed number, na...

Polyphenolic profiles in the berry samples of 344 European grape (Vitis vinifera) cultivars were evaluated for two consecutive years. These cultivars represent a diverse collection of V. vinifera germplasm maintained at the USDA-Agricultural Research Service Vitis Clonal Repository in Davis of California, USA. A total of 36 polyphenolic compounds, including 16 anthocyanins, 6 flavonols, 6 flava...

This study contrasted the anthocyanins of investigational grape clusters that developed without light incidence (light-excluded), to those of control clusters that were shaded naturally beneath the vine canopy (control-shaded). Treatment grape clusters were light-excluded during ripening by opaque white polypropylene enclosures; temperature, vapor pressure deficit, and light intensity were meas...

Problem statement: In warm-winter regions, the need for intervention of chemical means to break bud rest becomes a dominant factor for maintaining economic production of table grapes. However, the problem is more acute when farmers want to grow organic table grapes in the absence of environmentally-friendly budbreak promoters. Approach: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a mix of natura...

Azadirachtin, derived from the neem tree, Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Sapindales: Meliaceae), seems promising for use in integrated pest management programs to control a variety of pest species. A commercial formulation of azadirachtin, Align, has been evaluated against different developmental stages of the European grape berry moth, Lobesia botrana Denis and Schiffermüller (Lepidoptera: Tortri...

BACKGROUND Soil application of systemic neonicotinoid insecticides can provide opportunities for long-term control of insect pests in vineyards, with minimal risk of pesticide drift or worker exposure. This study compared the effectiveness of neonicotinoid insecticides applied via irrigation injection on key early-season and mid-season insect pests of vineyards in the eastern United States. R...

An orthogonal L(36) (6)(5) test design was applied to select the optimum conditions for extracting resveratrols from grape berry skins and leaves. Solvent choice was the most important factor in the extraction of resveratrols, and mixed methanol and ethyl acetate [50:50 (v/v)] had much higher extraction efficiency than the other five solvents tested. For extracting resveratrols, 1g of berry ski...