The model of cellular automata is fascinating because very simple local rules can generate complex global behaviors. The relationship between local and global function is subject of many studies. We tackle this question by using results on communication complexity theory and, as a by-product, we provide (yet another) classification of cellular automata.

Background Prior experience and the persisting threat of influenza pandemic indicate the need for global and local preparedness and public health response capacity. The pandemic of 2009 highlighted the importance of such planning and the value of prior efforts at all levels. Our review of the public health response to this pandemic in Pune, India, considers the challenges of integrating global ...

Conditional Random Fields (CRFs) have shown great success for problems involving structured output variables. However, for many real-world NLP applications, exact maximum-likelihood training is intractable because computing the global normalization factor even approximately can be extremely hard. In addition, optimizing likelihood often does not correlate with maximizing task-specific evaluatio...

[1] A refined theoretical analysis of the clear-air Doppler radar (CDR) measurement process is presented. The refined theory builds on the Fresnel-approximated (as opposed to Fraunhofer-approximated) radio wave propagation theory, and turbulence statistics like locally averaged velocities, local velocity variances, local dissipation rates, and local structure parameters are allowed to vary rand...

Using a hybrid density-functional theory (DFT) calculation including spin-orbit coupling (SOC), we predict that the zigzag antiferromagnetic (AFM) ground state of the honeycomb layered compound Na₂IrO₃ opens the observed insulating gap through a long-range magnetic order. We show that the effect of SOC and the correction of self-interaction error inherent in previous local or semilocal DFT calc...

In the present computational study, we focus on graphene ribbons with zigzag edge atoms with their unsaturated bonds either dangling or terminated by various adsorbates ~H, O, or Cs!. Using this system as a test case, we discuss the two important contributions to the work function—the first one being an anisotropic bulk property related to the electron affinity of the material, and the second o...

In this paper the meshless local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) method is implemented to study the buckling of isotropic cylindrical shells under axial load. Displacement field equations, based on Donnell and first order shear deformation theory, are taken into consideration. The set of governing equations of motion are numerically solved by the MLPG method in which according to a semi-inverse method, ...

We introduce a gravitational lattice theory defined in an AdS$_3$ black hole background that provides holographic dual description of the linear-to-zigzag structural phase transition, characterized by spontaneous breaking parity symmetry observed in, e.g., confined Coulomb crystals. The transition from high-symmetry linear to broken-symmetry doubly-degenerate zigzag can be driven quenching coup...