Predators frequently must detect and localize their prey in challenging environments. Noisy environments have been prevalent across the evolutionary history of predator–prey relationships, but now with increasing anthropogenic activities noise is becoming a more prominent feature many landscapes. Here, we use gleaning pallid bat, Antrozous pallidus , to investigate mechanism by which disrupts h...

Horseshoe (Rhinolphidae) and Old World leaf-nosed (Hipposideridae) bats are high duty cycle (HDC) echolocators sharing a suite of adaptations including long duration signals relative to their signal periods, peak energy concentrated in narrow spectral band dominated by constant frequency (CF) component, ‘auditory fovea’ (over-representation sharp tuning neurons responsible for frequencies at or...

This article reports on two researchers’ experiences of navigating children’s night-time sleep, in relation to reading best-selling parenting books, published by professionals the UK last 20 years. We felt we were ‘getting it wrong’ where so badly wanted ‘get right’ for our children, because they did not sleep like books described: silent, solitary, separate and 12 uninterrupted hours. It was a...

Abstract Background Fire suppression and anthropogenic land use have increased severity of wildfire in western U.S. dry conifer forests. Managers fuels reduction methods (e.g., prescribed fire) to limit high-severity restore ecological function these fire-adapted Many avian species that evolved forests, however, are adapted conditions created by wildfire. To fully understand the implications tr...

Especially in the last decade or so, there have been dramatic advances in fluorescence-based imaging methods designed to measure a multitude of functions in living cells. Despite this, many of the methods used to analyze the resulting images are limited. Perhaps the most common mode of analysis is the choice of regions of interest (ROIs), followed by quantification of the signal contained there...

Worldwide, small-scale fisheries (SSF) are an important source of food and livelihoods for rural communities contribute substantially to national economies. Women play crucial roles in these fisheries, yet their contributions largely invisible, often ignored unrecognized. We conducted household focus group surveys examine the role indigenous Fijian (iTaukei) women SSF, documenting fishing pract...

The first case of primary carcinoma of the ureter appearing in the literature was reported in 1878. However, no review of the literature on this topic was made until 1909, when Zironi (19) reviewed 5 cases. Richter (13), in the same year, reviewed 11 cases including all of those in Zironi's list. Chevassu and Mock (3) found 12 cases. Chiari (4), in 1914, succeeded in gleaning 17 cases from the ...

Clusters hold the key to our understanding of intermolecular forces and how these affect the physical properties of bulk condensed matter. They can be found in a multitude of important applications, including novel fuel materials, atmospheric chemistry, semiconductors, nanotechnology, and computational biology. Focusing on the class of weakly bound substances known as van derWaals clusters or c...

Molecular analysis of diet overcomes the considerable limitations of traditional techniques for identifying prey remains in bat faeces. We collected faeces from individual Mountain Long-eared Bats Plecotus macrobullaris trapped using mist nets during the summers of 2009 and 2010 in the Pyrenees. We analysed their diet using DNA mini-barcodes to identify prey species. In addition, we inferred so...

I examined the effects of two farm management variables, shade-tree species and crop structure, on the winter (dry season) arthropod and bird communities in a Jamaican shade coffee plantation. Birds and canopy arthropods were more abundant in areas of the plantation shaded by the tree Inga vera than by Pseudalbizia berteroana. The abundance of arthropods (potential pests) on the coffee crop, ho...