BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Early survival of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage in general is known to be most strongly dependent on the Glasgow Coma Scale score on admission. The aim of this study was to examine the factors determining functional outcome and in-hospital mortality of patients admitted with an intracerebral hemorrhage related to oral anticoagulant (OAC) use. METHODS Correlatio...

OBJECTIVE To study the clinical course and determine predictors of deterioration in patients with lobar haemorrhages). METHODS A comprehensive review of 61 consecutive patients with lobar haemorrhages was performed. Neurological deterioration was defined as (1) decrease in Glasgow coma sum score by 2 points, (2) new neurological deficit, or (3) clinical signs of brain herniation. A univariate...

PURPOSE To determine the frequency, causes, risk factors and outcome following early posttraumatic seizure. METHODS A retrospective analysis of age, sex, mechanism of injury, type and onset of unprovoked seizure occurring within one week of injury, admission coma score, and Glasgow outcome score in patients with nonpenetrating head injury. RESULTS Eighty six (10.2%) of 845 head injuredpatie...

The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) has been widely adopted. Failure to assess the verbal score in intubated patients and the inability to test brainstem reflexes are shortcomings. We devised a new coma score, the FOUR (Full Outline of UnResponsiveness) score. It consists of four components (eye, motor, brainstem, and respiration), and each component has a maximal score of 4. We prospectively studied ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the outcomes of early comprehensive rehabilitation protocols for traumatic brain injury (TBI) using the functional independence measure (FIM), and to study the relationship between FIM and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) variables to determine which patients will be best served by rehabilitation therapies. METHODS Fifty-one subjects with diagnosed TBI receiving treatment at a s...

BACKGROUND The administration of a high FIO2 to COPD patients breathing spontaneously may result in hypercapnia, due to reversal of preexisting regional hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, resulting in a greater dead space. Arterial blood gas trends have not been reported in these patients. In a 31-bed medical ICU in a teaching hospital we prospectively investigated the response of 17 CO2-retai...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE By 2010 there had been 14 published trials of surgery for intracerebral hemorrhage reported in systematic reviews or to the authors, but the role and timing of operative intervention remain controversial and the practice continues to be haphazard. This study attempted to obtain individual patient data from each of the 13 studies published since 1985 to better define group...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the outcome of intraventricular thrombolytic therapy for intraventricular haemorrhage and to formulate a safe and effective regimen. DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING Regional neurosurgical centre, Hong Kong. PATIENTS Twenty-nine consecutive adult patients who presented from November 1995 to November 1998 with non-traumatic intraventricular haemorrhage (Graeb scor...