Response of six sunflower hybrids/ breeding lines viz., G-101, SF-187, Hysun-33, Hysun-38, 64A-93 and S-278 to drought stress imposed at germination and seedling growth stages was investigated in a laboratory experiment (25±3C). Five water stress levels of zero (control), -0.35, -0.6, -1.33, and 1.62 MPa were developed using polyethyleneglycol-6000 (PEG-6000). Complete randomized design with th...

The mechanism by which L-proline triggers germination in Bacillus megaterium QM B1551 spores was investigated. First, brief exposure of spores to L-proline, followed by dilution, was sufficient to trigger germination. Once germination was triggered, the spores continued initiation of germination and did not require high concentrations of L-proline. Triggering of germination was pH and temperatu...

Cerebral language lateralization can be assessed in several ways. In healthy subjects, functional MRI (fMRI) during performance of a language task has evolved to be the most frequently applied method. Functional transcranial Doppler (fTCD) may provide a valid alternative, but has been used rarely. Both techniques have their own strengths and weaknesses and as a result may be applied in differen...

conservation and restoration of biodiversity is very important for degraded rangeland ecosystems. it is necessary to assess the potential of soil seed bank as a major source of species. in this study, the soil seed bank size and composition were compared between exclosure and grazed areas. this was done in chahar-bagh rangelands in golestan province. soil was sampled in exclosure and grazing fr...

Hydrochar derived from hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has been recognized as a potential absorbent and horticultural substrate. However, its practical application limited due to low adsorption capacity negative effects on plant growth. To address these issues, three pre-treatment methods (water washing, microbial aging, freezing-thawing aging) were employed further improve the physical struct...

A combination of salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) + cyanide (CN) is known to stimulate dark germination of Lactuca sativa L. seeds. Further studies were done to characterize SHAM and CN action in stimulating dark germination of lettuce seed. Germination was stimulated slightly by either SHAM or CN, whereas when SHAM and CN were combined germination was greatly enhanced. Treatment of seeds with ...

Germination timing is a fundamental life-history trait, as seedling establishment predicates realized fitness in the wild. Light and temperature are two important cues by which seeds sense the proper season of germination. Using Arabidopsis thaliana, we provide evidence that phytochrome-mediated germination pathways simultaneously respond to light and temperature cues in ways that affect germin...

The physiological process of germination depends on several environmental factors such as temperature, water potential, light, nutrients and smoke. Water and temperature are determinant factors for seed germination. Both factors can, separately or jointly, affect the germination percentage and germination rate. The effect of temperature on germination and water potential on germination canoften...