A set S of vertices of a graph G is a geodetic set if every vertex of G lies in an interval between two vertices from S. The size of a minimum geodetic set in G is the geodetic number g(G) of G. We find that the geodetic number of the lexicographic product G ∘H for non-complete graphs H lies between 2 and 3g(G). We characterize the graphs G and H for which g(G ∘H) = 2, as well as the lexicograp...

Abstract The Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) technique provides very accurate distance measurements to artificial Earth satellites. SLR is employed for the realization of origin and scale terrestrial reference frame. Despite high precision, observations can be affected by various systematic errors. So far, range biases were used account measurement errors mismodeling effects in SLR. Range are con...

Positions and maps of 1608 new compact sources were obtained in twelve sessions observed during 1994–2002 at the VLBA network at 8.4/2.3 GHz. These sources are recommended for use as calibrators for phase reference imaging and as geodetic sources for astrometric/geodetic VLBI applications.

We prove that the topological cycle space C(G) of a locally finite graph G is generated by its geodetic topological circles. We further show that, although the finite cycles of G generate C(G), its finite geodetic cycles need not generate C(G).

A new and significant source of information on earthquake studies has been provided by space geodesy. The data which are gathered by various techniques of space geodesy, can quantify potential of seismic activity in the region of interest. To achieve this goal, the main advantage of extra-terrestrial geodetic data in comparison with the conventional data from geology and seismology is the abili...

The paper contains a survey of mobile scanning systems for measuring the railway clearance gauge. The research was completed as part of the project carried out for the PKP (PKP Polish Railway Lines S.A., Warsaw, Poland) in 2011-2013. The authors conducted experiments, including a search for the latest solutions relating to mobile measurement systems that meet the basic requirement. At the very ...

This study addresses the potential contribution of the first pair of Galileo FOC satellites sent into incorrect highly eccentric orbits for geodetic and surveying applications. We began with an analysis of the carrier to noise density ratio and the stochastic properties of GNSS measurements. The investigations revealed that the signal power of E14 & E18 satellites is higher than for regular Gal...

Efficient transformation parameters are key to effective geodetic operations between any systems. With the advancement in technology, an improved interaction reference frames has been noticed irrespective of their inherent heterogeneous deformations and intermittently present oversight that exist as a result conversion methodology. The spatial data captured using Global Navigation Satellite Sys...