The article defines and studies the genus of finite state deterministic automata (FSA) and regular languages. Indeed, a FSA can be seen as a graph for which the notion of genus arises. At the same time, a FSA has a semantics via its underlying language. It is then natural to make a connection between the languages and the notion of genus. After we introduce and justify the the notion of the gen...

DNA sequences of the mitochondrial nd6 gene and the non-repetitive part of the pseudo-control region (PsiCR) were isolated from 101 individuals to analyze the phylogenetic relationships among all buzzards of the genus Buteo and other buteonine genera. Comparisons of the two marker sequences indicate that the PsiCR evolved two times faster than the nd6 gene. The PsiCR proved to be an efficient, ...

A conjecture of Robertson and Thomas on the orientable genus of graphs with a given nonorientable embedding is disproved.

Genus theory belongs to algebraic number theory and, in very broad terms, deals with the part of the ideal class group of a number field that is ‘easy to compute’. Historically, the importance of genus theory stems from the fact that it was the essential algebraic ingredient in the derivation of the classical reciprocity laws – from Gauß’s second proof over Kummer’s contributions up to Takagi’s...

cellobiose dehydrogenase (cdh ec.1.1.5.1) is an extracellular enzyme that mainly produced by wood-degrading fungi. it oxidizes cellobiose to cellobionolactone using a wide spectrum of electron acceptors. the key roles of cdh in growth, metabolism, and some other important cellular processes such as cellulose degradation in fungi have been noted. since the demands for finding new sources of cdh ...

mites of the family ascidae constitute an important group of predator arthropods that live in soil make a living, on plants and an stored products, and some species of which are in close association with humans and animals. a faunestic survey was carried out to identify the mites of the family ascidae in guilan province, northern iran, during 2007-2009. samples were taken from such different ha...

An integer n ! 2 is said to be a genus of a finite group G if there is a compact Riemann surface of genus n on which G acts as a group of automorphisms. In this paper, formulae are given for the minimum genus, minimum stable genus and the gap sequence, i.e., the (finite) set of non-genera, for a split metacyclic group of order pq, where p and q are primes. This information completely determines...

Partial 26S ribosomal DNA sequences of species assigned to the genera Hanseniaspora, Kloeckera, Dekkera, Brettanomyces, and Eeniella were determined. A phylogenetic analysis of the sequences showed that the genus Eeniella is derived within the genus Brettanomyces and that the genus Hanseniaspora (anamorph Kloeckera) is not closely related to the genus Dekkera (anamorph Brettanomyces). As a cons...

In tropical geometry, given a curve in a toric variety, one defines a corresponding graph embedded in Euclidean space. We study the problem of reversing this process for curves of genus zero and one. Our methods focus on describing curves by parameterizations, not by their defining equations; we give parameterizations by rational functions in the genus zero case and by non-archimedean elliptic ...

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