This study determines the nature of village economics in the town of Biharamulo, Tanzania, and in four surrounding villages. This study also identifies the links between the villages and the town and the extent of differences between village households. Town population in 1993 was 20,000 persons, or 1020 households, of which 29.4% were female-headed. Only 7.1% of village households were head...

A system for transferring vocal expressions separately from singing voices with accompaniment to singing voice synthesizers is described. The expressions appear as fluctuations in the fundamental frequency contour of the singing voice, such as vibrato, glissando, and kobushi. The fundamental frequency contour of the singing voice is estimated using the subharmonic summation in a limited frequen...

In this paper we present two different approaches to the modeling of the singing voice. Each of these approaches has been thought to fit in the specific requirements of two applications. These are an automatic voice impersonator for karaoke systems and a singing voice synthesizer.

This study intended to document the contribution of IGAs financial performance public secondary schools in Nyamira County. The introduction Free Secondary Education brought massive calamities, and most are operating negatively relation cost. objectives were examine type engaged County ascertain factors influencing income-generating Activities research used Resource Dependence Theory. embraced a...

The rapid expansion of rubber plantations in Xishuangbanna, China, has severely decreased prices the last several years. income loss and other adverse environmental impacts have brought livelihood challenges opportunities to develop adopt more diversified environmental-friendly income-generating activities (IGAs). To better understand constraints for smallholder farmers sustain or improve their...

Abstract. From the perspectives of many environmental and conservative policy makers, improving and diversifying the livelihoods have been found as a mechanism to promote the livelihoods and persuade people to avoid the overexploitation and degradation of natural resources. Due to the fragility of the environment and inconsistency of incomes, the alternative income sources may be promised to wa...