privatization advocates believe that transfer to private sector increases firm’s performance and value, business environment, and therefore economic growth and welfare improves. in this research, by using the 70 accepted firms in the tehran stock exchange for the period of 2005 to 2009, we investigate the effect of firm’s ownership structure on their value by applying generalized method of mome...

The loss function plays a central role in the theory and practice of forecasting. If the loss is quadratic, the mean of the predictive distribution is the unique optimal point predictor. If the loss is linear, any median is an optimal point forecast. The title of the paper refers to the simple, possibly surprising fact that quantiles arise as optimal point predictors under a general class of ec...

In this note, we study the lattice structure on the class of all weak hyper K-ideals of a hyper K-algebra. We first introduce the notion of (left,right) scalar in a hyper K-algebra which help us to characterize the weak hyper K-ideals generated by a subset. In the sequel, using the notion of a closure operator, we study the lattice of all weak hyper K-ideals of ahyper K-algebra, and we prove a ...

In this paper, we prove the Spanne-Guliyev type boundedness of the generalized fractional integral operator Iρ from the vanishing generalized local Morrey spaces V LM {x0} p,φ1 to V LM {x0} q,φ2 , 1 < p < q < ∞, and from the space V LM {x0} 1,φ1 to the weak space VWLM {x0} q,φ2 , 1 < q < ∞. We also prove the Adams-Guliyev type boundedness of the operator Iρ from the vanishing generalized Morrey...