Geant4 is a toolkit for the simulation of the passage of particles through matter, developed with advanced software engineering techniques. Its application areas include high energy and nuclear physics experiments, space physics, medical physics and radiation background studies.

The spatial distribution of energy deposition events is an essential aspect in the determination radiobiological effects ionizing radiation at cellular level. Microdosimetry provides a theoretical framework for description these events, and has been used several studies to address problems such as characterization Linear Energy Transfer (LET) Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) ion beams pr...

in this study, a general theoretical model to foresee and calculate the current-voltagecharacteristics in a plateau zone and the associated efficiency of the neutron detector (sensitivity) is presented. this study is to complete the previous studies in this field. the model also considers electric field distortion resulting from the charge collection effect. the characteristics curve is obtaine...

The biological damages are mainly produced by direct ionization and excitation of bio-molecular DNA electrons or by indirect chemical reaction of water radiolysis products with DNA. In this work, we restricted our study on the interaction of energetic ion proton beams with liquid water; since the water represents over 80% of the most-soft tissues. The proton collisions with water molecules are ...