Abstract The existence of reliable rain-gauge networks is a necessity in managing water sources and the relevant environmental issues any basin. present study aimed to investigate network rank stations Tazehkand sub-basin southwest Lake Urmia, Iran, using entropy–copula approach data obtained from six Siminehrood basin Northwestern Iran between 1981 2019. interaction effects were investigated c...

A double difference (DD) method was employed to estimate vertical land motion (VLM) at 26 tide gauge (TG) sites with record lengths of least ten years across the Texas Gulf Coast, USA, between 1993 and 2020. In method, first conducted by coupling nearby correlated TG stations remove sea-level variability for both satellite radar altimetry (SRA) data. Upon completion difference, a second perform...

Declining gauging infrastructure and fractious water politics have decreased available information about river flows globally. Remote sensing and water balance modeling are frequently cited as potential solutions, but these techniques largely rely on these same in-decline gauge data to make accurate discharge estimates. A different approach is therefore needed, and we here combine remotely sens...

Merging satellite and rain gauge data by combining accurate quantitative rainfall from stations with spatial continuous information from remote sensing observations provides a practical method of estimating rainfall. However, generating high spatiotemporal rainfall fields for catchment-distributed hydrological modeling is a problem when only a sparse rain gauge network and coarse spatial resolu...

The spatial representativeness of gauging stations was investigated in two low-mountainous river basins near the city of Trier, southwest Germany. Longitudinal profiles during low and high flow conditions were sampled in order to identify sources of solutes and to characterize the alteration of flood wave properties during its travel downstream. Numerous hydrographs and chemographs of natural f...

Abstract Tsunami hazard in the Eastern Mediterranean Basin (EMB) has attracted attention following three tsunamis this basin since 2017 namely July and October 2020 Turkey/Greece May offshore Crete Island (Greece) tsunamis. Unique behavior is seen from EMB due to its comparatively small size confined nature which causes several wave reflections oscillations. Here, we studied event using sea lev...

Accurate and consistent rainfall observations are vital for climatological studies in support of better planning and decision making. However, estimation of accurate spatial rainfall is limited by sparse rain gauge distributions. Satellite rainfall products can thus potentially play a role in spatial rainfall estimation but their skill and uncertainties need to be under-stood across spatialtime...

The lift station is becoming increasingly common as a component of the sewerage systems of Indiana. Cities and towns that have operated for years without the necessity of a lift station (other than one integral with sewage treatment plant) are finding it necessary to include a lift station in plans for extension of sewers. Those cities and towns which have not yet found it necessary to include ...