Pyrolitic conversion of lignocellulosic biomass, such as switchgrass and other agricultural residues, to bio-fuels is being considered for national energy security and for environmental advantages. Bio-oil, syngas and bio-char were produced and characterized from switchgrass at 400, 500 and 600 0C by pyrolysis. Bio-oil yield increased from 22 to 37%, syn-gas yield increased from 8 to 26%, and b...

This research uses multivariate cointegration analysis to assess the degree . of competition in the U.S. natural gas industry following the move to open access pipeline transportation. The testing methodology allows multiple nodes in the pipeline network to be analyzed simultaneously and is based on recent advances by Johansen (1988, 1991) and Johansen and Juselius (1990) on estimation and hypo...

Converting wood to grid quality methane allows to distribute a CO2 free, renewable enery resource in a conventional energy distribution system and use it in transportation applications. Using a previously developed thermo–economic process model for thermochemical production of synthetic natural gas from wood and applying a multi–objective optimisation algorithm, the present paper assesses the p...

The adverse environmental impact of fossil fuel combustion in engines has motivated research towards using alternative low-carbon fuels. In recent years, there been an increased interest studying the mixtures consisting mainly hydrogen and carbon monoxide, referred to as syngas, which can be considered a promising toward cleaner technologies for power generation. This paper provides extensive r...

China has now become the largest country in carbon emissions all over the world. Furthermore, with transportation accounting for an increasing proportion of CO2 emissions year by year, the transportation sector has turned out to be one of the main sectors which possesses a high growth speed in CO2 emissions. To accurately analyze potentially influencing factors which accelerate the process of C...