gas diffusion electrode was used for providing better conditions in fuel cell systems for oxygen reduction reaction (orr). because the slow kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction at the proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathode restricts fuel cell efficiency. to this end, researchers have used platinum-coated carbon. in the present study, due to the reduction of carbon corrosion, zinc oxide...

effective methodologies for efficient preparation of semicarbazones from aldehydes or ketones via milling and the subsequent regeneration of the parent carbonyls by gaseous nitrogen dioxide are described under solid-solid and gas-solid reaction conditions, respectively. these methods are fast, simple and environmentally benign which do not require the use of any auxiliaries such as catalysts or...

The demands for increasing the efficiency and lowering the environmental effects in iron and steelmaking industries have given rise to interests in application of direct reduction (DR) processes for production of iron by different gases. These advancements require comprehensive models for better control of the process conditions and the product properties. In the present thesis fundamental aspe...

A highly gas permeable polymer with exceptional size selectivity is prepared by fusing triptycene units together via a poly-merization reaction involving Tröger's base formation. The extreme rigidity of this polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-Trip-TB) facilitates gas permeability data that lie well above the benchmark 2008 Robeson upper bounds for the important O2 /N2 and H2 /N2 gas pairs.

We present a strategy for preparing size-controlled gas-filled microparticles using two aqueous components that chemically react to produce the gas. We use a dual-bore microfluidic device to isolate the reactants of two gas-producing reactions until they are encapsulated in the outer droplet. The reactants in the monodisperse droplets merge and produce the gas bubbles, which are stabilized with...

We report the study of a random Lorentz gas with a reaction of isomerization A<==>B between two colors of moving particles elastically bouncing on hard disks. The reaction occurs when the moving particles collide on catalytic disks, which constitute a fraction of all the disks. Under dilute-gas conditions, the reaction-diffusion process is ruled by two coupled Boltzmann-Lorentz equations for th...

two facile and low cost routes were used for the synthesis of if-ws2 nanoparticles. in this paper, preparation of if-ws2 nanoparticles with two different methods was investigated. in the first method, wo3 nanoparticles were reacted with h2s gas in n2/h2 reducing atmosphere at 900 oc. the as-synthesized if-ws2 nanoparticles are spherical shape with an average size of about 70 nm.  in the second ...

Chemical reaction of small silicon cluster ions Sin (11 ≤ n ≤ 20) with ethylene was studied with a newly implemented Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometer. Silicon clusters were generated by a pulsed laser-vaporization supersonic-expansion cluster beam source directly connected to FT-ICR spectrometer. Injected and size selected silicon clusters were thermalized to...

We have already shown that the in-vacuum gas-phase Meerwein reaction of (thio)acylium ions is general in nature and useful for class-selective screening of cyclic (thio)epoxides. Herein we report that this gas-phase reaction can also be performed efficiently at atmospheric pressure under both electrospray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) conditions. This alte...