A new dual-fluid concept was studied that could eventually find application for cold-gas propulsion for small space satellites or other constant flow applications. In basic form, the concept uses two different refrigerant working fluids, each having a different saturation vapor pressure. The higher vapor pressure refrigerant remains in the saturation phase and is used to pressurize the lower sa...

We have examined the technologies required to enable Mars In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) because our understanding of Mars resources has changed significantly in the last five years as a result of recent robotic missions to the red planet. Two major developments, (1) confirmation of the presence of near-surface water in the form of ice in very large amounts at high latitudes by the Phoenix...

There are no satisfactory methods for monitoring oxygen consumption in critical care. To address this, we adapted laser absorption spectroscopy to provide measurements of O2, CO2, and water vapor within the airway every 10 ms. The analyzer is integrated within a novel respiratory flow meter that is an order of magnitude more precise than other flow meters. Such precision, coupled with the accur...

in islamic civilization, rhetoric is the product of a great attempt to find out the secrets of quranic language; nevertheless, the achievements of such studies have been mechanically applied to persian which, compared to arabic, has a different linguistic system and literary conventions. this approach has brought about problems in defining literary terms, internal rhythm being one of them. this...

Strombolian-type eruptive activity, common at many volcanoes, consists of regular explosions driven by the bursting of gas slugs that rise faster than surrounding magma. Explosion quakes associated with this activity are usually localized at shallow depth; however, where and how slugs actually form remain poorly constrained. We used spectroscopic measurements performed during both quiescent deg...

Directional detection can provide unambiguous observation of Dark Matter interactions even in presence of insidious backgrounds. The DM-TPC collaboration is developing a detector with the goal of measuring the direction and sense of nuclear recoils produced in Dark Matter interactions. The detector consists of a Time Projection Chamber with optical readout filled with CF4 gas at low pressure. A...

We describe how to assay plasma total CO2 automatically, discretely, and highly specifically by infrared absorption spectrometry. Plasma, 50 mul, is sampled in disposable capillaries and inserted into a block wherein the specimens are protected from exposure to air. A sequencer advances the block and signals a dispenser to flush the sample into a reaction vessel with 2.6 ml fo 50 mmol/liter H2S...

Methane concentrations in the pore waters of Eckernförde Bay in the German Baltic Sea generally reach gas bubble saturation values within the upper meter of the sediment column. The depth at which saturation occurs is controlled by a balance between rates of methane production, consumption (oxidation), and transport. The relative importance of anaerobic methane oxidation (AMO) in controlling di...

This paper describes the five development stages of the rope human parasite. Rope parasites have been discovered as a result of cleansing enemas. Parasite adult stages live in human gastrointestinal tract and are anaerobic. They move inside the body by releasing gas bubbles utilizing jet propulsion. Rope parasites look like a rope, and can be over a meter long. It takes tens of years for them t...