The gas-liquid phase transition of the three-dimensional Lennard-Jones particles system is studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The gas and liquid densities in the coexisting state are determined with high accuracy. The critical point is determined by the block density analysis of the Binder parameter with the aid of the law of rectilinear diameter. From the critical behavior of the gas-l...

The gas-lift technique comprises the injection of gas bubbles in vertical oil wells to increase production. It is based on a reduction of the tubing gravitational pressure gradient. Several fluid-flow phenomena influencing such vertical gas-liquid flows are discussed. These effects include the radial distribution of void fraction and of gas and liquid velocity, flow regime changes, and system s...

in this paper, the present state of knowledge about axial mixing in gasliquid reactors is reviewed. a brief outline of the methods for measuring residence time distribution(rtd)of various phases in a multiphase reactor is presented. this is followed by a short description of differential and stage-wise models for characterizing back mixing from rtd measurments. backmixing characteristics of som...

A method for the determination of total bile acids in human feces that is suitable for routine application is described and discussed. Bile acids are extracted from freezedried feces with acetic acid and toluene, in the presence of the i?ternal standard 23-nordeoxycholic acid. After saponification of the extract, bile acids and the internal standard are methylated and converted by mild chromic ...

Constructing phase diagram and its subsequent quality lines for lean gas condensate reservoirs is always crucial and challenging topic in reservoir fluid studies. Due to small amounts of liquid drop-outs in lean gas condensates at reservoir conditions, full experimental tracking of phase diagram and its relevant quality lines is almost impossible for lean gas condensates.On the other hand, ...

A liquid piston concept is proposed to improve the efficiency of gas compression and expansion. Because a liquid can conform to an irregular chamber volume, the surface area to volume ratio in the gas chamber can be maximized using a liquid piston. This creates near-isothermal operation, which minimizes energy lost to heat generation. A liquid piston eliminates gas leakage and replaces sliding ...

A novel computational fluid dynamics-population balance model (CFD-PBM) for the simulation of gas mixing in activated sludge (i.e., an opaque non-Newtonian liquid) in a bubble column is developed and described to solve the problem of measuring the hydrodynamic behavior of opaque non-Newtonian liquid-gas two-phase flow. We study the effects of the inlet position and liquid-phase properties (wate...

In framework of eigen-functional bosonization method, we introduce an imaginary phase field to uniquely represent electron correlation, and demonstrate that the Landau Fermi liquid theory and the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid theory can be unified. It is very clear in this framework that the TomonagaLuttinger liquid behavior of one-dimensional interacting electron gases originates from their Fermi ...