An experimental study has been carried out to characterize bubble formation, growth, and detachment mechanisms in a stagnant liquid column. Both bubble frequency and bubble detachment size were measured in different gas flow rates, injector diameters and orientations, submergence height, and liquid properties. Experiments were performed for air injection flow rate ranges between 200 mlph and 12...

BACKGROUND Oxygen therapy is an important therapeutic resource for patients with hypoxemia. When changing oxygen flow meters, we have observed that sometimes, even with the same oxygen flow setting as before, a different S(pO(2)) is obtained. OBJECTIVE To analyze the precision and accuracy of flow meters used in hospital settings. METHODS An experimental study was performed to test oxygen ...

On May 31, 2010, a direct acoustic measurement method was used to quantify fluid leakage rate from the Deepwater Horizon Macondo well prior to removal of its broken riser. This method utilized an acoustic imaging sonar and acoustic Doppler sonar operating onboard a remotely operated vehicle for noncontact measurement of flow cross-section and velocity from the well's two leak sites. Over 2,500 ...

objective: the aim of the present study was to evaluate unstimulated salivary flow rate and oral symptoms in menopausal women. materials and methods: a total of 200 individuals including 100 women in their menopause (case group) and 100 men in the same age range (control group) participated in this analytic descriptive investigation. none of the patients were being treated for any systemic dise...

Gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) is an effective method for the measurement of total serum cholesterol. Its use in the clinical laboratory, however, requires careful attention to many variables (flow rate, sample size, sensitivity of solvent and choice of the quantitation method, i.e. peak-height ratio vs. peak height). This report evaluates the effect of these variables on the quantitation of s...

investigating nozzle’s orifice flow is challenging both experimentally and theoretically. this paper focuses on simulating flow inside diesel injector nozzle via ansys fluent v15. validation is performed with experimental results from winkhofler et al (2001). several important parameters such as mass flow rate, velocity profiles and pressure profiles are used for this validation. results includ...

INTRODUCTION The ventilator and the endotracheal tube impose additional workload in mechanically ventilated patients breathing spontaneously. The total work of breathing (WOB) includes elastic and resistive work. In a bench test we assessed the imposed WOB using 3100 A/3100 B SensorMedics high-frequency oscillatory ventilators. METHODS A computer-controlled piston-driven test lung was used to...

Gas-lift pumps are devices for lifting liquid phase incorporating the gas phase to be injected in the bottom of liquid column. They are widely used in various industrial applications such as oil extracting in petroleum industries. Gas-liquid flow being the main part of the flow through these systems, flowing in vertical pipes of gas-lift pumps has different regimes namely bubbly, slug, chur...

Gas hydrate blockage in pipelines during offshore production becomes a major problem with increasing water depth. In this work, a series of experiments on gas hydrate formation in a flow loop was performed with low flow rates of 0.33, 0.66, and 0.88 m/s; the effects of the initial subcooling, flow rate, pressure, and morphology were investigated for methane hydrate formation in the flow loop. T...