Gallbladder polyps are frequently found on abdominal ultrasonography. Most gallbladder benign. However, the risk of malignancy increases when polyp size exceeds 10 mm. The fifth edition World Health Organization Classification tumors proposed three types preinvasive neoplasms gallbladder: adenoma, intracholecystic papillary neoplasm (ICPN), and biliary intraepithelial neoplasia (BilIN). Herein,...

Calcification of the gallbladder wall (porcelain gallbladder) is an intense structure and uncommon manifestation seen in chronic cholecystitis and resulting from chronic inflammation of the gallbladder wall. Patients with porcelain gallbladder are usually considered not at risk of acute cholecystitis. However, sporadic cases of cholecystitis on porcelain gallbladder have been described in liter...

Double gallbladder is one of the rare congenital anomalies of the gallbladder. Failure to detect an accessory gallbladder hampers diagnosis and treatment of cholecystitis, which might result in recurrent attacks of cholecystitis. In addition, presence of peritoneal folds extending from the stomach and duodenum to the gallbladder is very rare. Here we report the presence of a double gallbladder ...

Porcelain gallbladder is rare manifestation of chronic cholecystitis. calcification of the gallbladder wall is present between 0.06%-0.8% of cholecystectomy specimens. the pathogenesis is still unknown but it is believed that it caused by irritation the gallbladder by stones which lead to chronic inflammation associated with calcium deposit. calcification of the gallbladder wall is associated w...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Increased viscosity and supersaturation of cholesterol in gallbladder bile, as well as an impaired motility of the gallbladder, are considered to be important factors in the pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstones. However, the relation of these parameters has not yet been determined. MATERIAL AND METHODS Bile viscosity (mPa s) was measured by rotation viscosimetry and the comp...

The testicular torsion which is typically seen in prepuberty is very rare in the early neonatal period; prenatal diagnosis is difficult. Herein, we report a five day-old male neonate with swelling and erythema of the right scrotum.  Following Doppler ultrasound suggestive of testicular torsion, surgical exploration was undertaken. There was gangrene of the right testis with discoloration and ne...

Squamous cell carcinoma of the gallbladder is rare diagnosis. We report a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the gallbladder diagnosed post cholecystectomy. The patient had presented with symptoms of acute cholecystitis and radiological imaging did not suggest presence of gallbladder malignancy. Emergency laparotomy was performed on clinical diagnosis of a ruptured gallbladder. The diagnosis of...

An accessory lobe of the liver is a rare entity in clinical practice which is diagnosed incidentally. Infrequently, it may present as torsion with a clinical picture of an acute abdomen, a palpable mass, and may be associated with liver function abnormalities. Many of these patients have a history of previous surgery for congenital abdominal wall defects such as omphalocele. We present an extre...