We report the development of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) following full myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in two patients with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matched sibling donors, unrelated to active or chronic graft-versus-host disease. Both recipients had elevated urinary levels of galactose-deficient IgA1, and one donor-recipient pair had elevated serum levels of galact...

D-(+)-Galactose-conjugated single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were synthesized for use as biosensors to detect the cancer marker galectin-3. To investigate the binding of galectin-3 to the d-(+)-galactose-conjugated SWCNTs, an electrochemical biosensor was fabricated by using molybdenum electrodes. The binding affinities of the conjugated SWCNTs to galectin-3 were quantified using electroc...

Intact BHK (baby hamster kidney) cells catalyze the hydrolysis of UDP-galactose to free galactose. The generation of galactose from UDP-galactose and its intracellular utilization impede the detection of possible galactosyl transferases on the cell surface of intact cells. Several independent procedures have been used to distinguish between intracellular and cell surface glycosyl transferases. ...

The addition of D-glucose, D-galactose, or D-mannose to culture medium increased survival of heated Chinese hamster ovary cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Heat protection by sugars was not immediate but required prior incubation in the sugar medium before hyperthermia. The degree of heat protection conferred by each sugar and its time dependence differed characteristically: ...

2-Deoxygalactose is a specific substrate of the galactose permease. The apparent Km is about 500 micron, compared to 45 micron for galactose, whereas the maximal rate of uptake is one-half to one-third of that of galactose. None of the other galactose transport systems, including methyl beta-D-thiogalactosides I and II, the beta-methyl-galactoside permease, and both arabinose systems, is able t...

The intracellular concentration of nonmetabolixable compounds in bacteria can be depicted as the result of a difference between the rate of entry and the rate of exit (l-3). The entry mechanism, originally envisioned as the only active process in the system, has been termed “permease” because of its enzymic behavior (1). The exit mechanism, previously regarded as passive diffusion, is now also ...

BACKGROUND L-ascorbic acid (L-AA) is naturally synthesized in plants from D-glucose by 10 steps pathway. The pathway branch to synthesize L-galactose, the key intermediate for L-ascorbic acid biosynthesis, has been recently elucidated. Budding yeast produces an 5-carbon ascorbic acid analogue Dehydro-D-arabinono 1,4-lactone (D-DAL), which is synthesized from D-arabinose. Yeast is able to synthe...

A new method for quantitative determination of galactose in blood by fluorescence of NADH was described. The assay system consisted of beta-galactose dehydrogenase, NAD, buffer and a denatured blood disc (3 mm diameter), and the reaction was carried out for 1 hr at 37 degrees C. Denaturation of hemoglobin was accomplished by exposing the blood disc to a vapor of formic acid in an air-tight cont...

Neutrophils were examined for their ability to recognize and ingest beads coated with amino-derivatives of glucose, mannose, and galactose. Radioactive or fluorescent beads coated with any of the three sugars were ingested to an extent three times that observed with albumin-coated beads. Enhancement of ingestion of sugar-coated beads was much more evident when examined by electron micrographic ...

Classic galactosemia is a human autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the GALT gene (GAL7 in yeast), which encodes the enzyme galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase. Here we show that the unfolded protein response pathway is triggered by galactose in two yeast models of galactosemia: lithium-treated cells and the gal7Δ mutant. The synthesis of galactose-1-phosphate is essential t...