We use recent advances in multiple testing to identify the countries for which Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) held over the last century. The approach controls the multiplicity problem inherent in simultaneously testing for PPP on several time series, thereby avoiding spurious rejections. It has higher power than traditional multiple testing techniques by exploiting the dependence structure betw...

abstract in this paper, a fuzzy pid with new structure is proposed to solve the load frequency control in interconnected power systems. in this study, a new structure and effective of the fuzzy pid-type load frequency control (lfc) is proposed to solve the load frequency control in interconnected power systems. the main objective is to eliminate the deviations in the frequency of different area...

The innovation process can be viewed as a two-stage model being comprised of “fuzzy front-end” (FFE) and “project execution”. The former is the focus of this study. Although both opening up to the outside world and use of IT in the innovation process have been suggested to have a positive impact on innovation performance by the literature, little effort has been put into studying both issues in...

Article history: Received 12 November 2009 Received in revised form 9 July 2010 Accepted 14 July 2010 Many authors point out that the front-end of new product development (NPD) is a critical success factor in the NPD process and that numerous companies face difficulties in carrying it out appropriately. Therefore, it is important to develop new theories and proposals that support the effective ...