Methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) generators, such as metam sodium (Met-Na), are used for soil fumigation of agricultural land. The ban on the fumigant methyl bromide has resulted in greater use of MITC generators. To understand the efficacy of MITC, it is necessary to assess its generation and disappearance kinetics when Met-Na is applied to soil. This study evaluated the movement of water and dist...

Field experiments were conducted in which the fumigant 1,3-D was applied at broadcast rates of 56 and 112 liters/ha during late winter and spring to two differing soil types in north Florida. No advantage was demonstrated in applying the fumigant at the higher rate for the management of Meloidogyne arenaria on peanut, and there was no disadvantage to applying a standard rate of the fumigant dur...

Recent studies have observed enhanced degradation of methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) from repeated fumigation in agricultural soils. Little is known about fumigant degradation in forest and nursery soils. This study was conducted to determine degradation rates of MITC and chloropicrin (CP) in two forest soils and the impacts of nursery management on degradation of MITC and CP. The half-life values...

Low-cost, practicable techniques are required to limit the release of volatile organic compound-containing fumigants such as 1,3-D to the atmosphere. In this study, we aimed to quantify 1,3-D diffusion and emission from laboratory soil columns maintained under realistic conditions and thereby assess the efficacy of soil irrigation as a technique for reducing emissions. In two soils (one relativ...

The emission to the atmosphere of soil fumigants such as chloropicrin represents a potentially important human exposure pathway. Commonly, determining the air concentration of fumigants is carried out by pumping air through sorbent tubes which chemically retain the fumigant. In order to obtain an accurate measurement, it is essential that the fumigant does not break through the sorbent tubes, s...

OBJECTIVES Our objective was to examine the relationship between residential proximity to agricultural fumigant use and neurodevelopment in 7-year old children. METHODS Participants were living in the agricultural Salinas Valley, California and enrolled in the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children Of Salinas (CHAMACOS) study. We administered the Wechsler Intelligence Scale ...

The biological activity (contact and contact-digestive toxicity, repellent fumigant effects, effect on the insect’s development life cycle parameters) of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) ethanolic extract was assessed against Plodia interpunctella, most destructive storage pest sunflower. Additionally, study aimed to examine phytotoxic in order assess its potential as a sunflower grain prot...