What resources and technologies are strategic? Policy theoretical debates often focus on this question, since the “strategic” designation yields valuable elevated attention. The ambiguity of very concept, however, frustrates these conversations. We offer a theory when decision makers should designate assets as strategic based presence important rivalrous externalities for which firms or militar...

Ranked-choice voting has come to mean a range of electoral systems. Broadly, they can facilitate (a) majority winners in single-seat districts, (b) rule with minority representation multi-seat or (c) sweeps districts. Further, such systems combine rules encourage/discourage slate voting. This article describes five major versions used, abandoned, and/or proposed for US public elections: alterna...

We study a new channel through which portfolio companies benefit from ties among venture capitalists (VCs). By tracing individual VCs' investment and syndication histories, we show that improve companies' access to strategic alliance partners. While existing studies demonstrate alliances are more frequent sharing the same VC, provide evidence also indirectly connected VC networks. In addition, ...

This study explores the behaviour of hospitals in Lombardy attracting patients from outside region and investigates effects on quality care to regional patients, where treatment latter is constrained by a budget cap while extra-regional represent an unconstrained source revenue. The data suggest that use waiting time length stay attract patients. Regional both private public with higher proport...