Skeletal muscle has a range of contractile properties which are dependent upon the types of myosin isoforms making up the muscle. Specifically, mechanical properties, such as maximal shortening velocity (Vmax), are strongly correlated with myosin heavy chain (MHC) content. Mathematical models of muscle force generation account for these variations by having different sets of parameters. For ins...

This article describes sixteen different ways to traverse d-dimensional space recursively in a way that is well-defined for any number of dimensions. Each of these traversals has distinct properties that may be beneficial for certain applications. Some of the traversals are novel, some have been known in principle but had not been described adequately for any number of dimensions, some of the t...

Many scholars have used experimental research methods to conduct extensive on the impact energy release behavior of Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)/Al reactive materials. However, in numerical simulation, PTFE/Al still lacks calculation parameters behavior. In order obtain simulation ignition, Hill mixture law was calculate material (mass ratio 73.5/26.5), and according Hugoniot curve γ state equ...

The existing connection between the concrete-filled double steel tubular (CFDST) column and reinforced concrete (RC) beam is difficult to repair reuse after damage. In this paper, a self-centering joint CFDST RC proposed. of realized by prestressed strands, energy dissipation friction. overall purpose research analyze influence strand friction on mechanical behavior joint. By comparing envelope...

Formability of automotive friction stir welded TWB (tailor welded blank) sheets isnumerically investigated in biaxial stretching based on hemispherical dome stretch (HDS) test infour automotive sheets of Aluminum alloy 6111-T4, 5083-H18, 5083-O and DP590 steel, havingdifferent thicknesses. The effects of the weld zone modeling and the thickness ratio on formabilityare evaluated. In order to car...

We study the deformation of a network of entangled non-cross-linked semiflexible fibers subjected to compression. We show that the deformation is intermittent, heterogeneous, and dominated by the occurrence of avalanches. Avalanches imply relative fiber sliding and rearrangement and lead to a serrated stress-strain curve. A large fraction of the fibers in the system contribute to an avalanche, ...

Vascular smooth muscle of the frog was skinned by 0.2 mg/ml saponin for 20 mm. The skinned preparations activated by Ca2+, at 2 mmol/l Mg2+ and MgATP2-, gave half maximal force at Ca2+ = (1.32 +/- 0.07) x 10(-6) mol/l and maximal force at Ca2+ = 3.16 x 10(-5) mol/l (35 +/- 4% of the maximal contraction induced by KCl in living smooth muscles). The Hill coefficient was 1.51 +/- 0.11. Thus, the s...

We study the lifetime of localized states in a two-level system coupled to a dissipative bath and driven by strong time-periodic monochromatic fields. At high temperature, moderate friction and high frequency driving the dynamics is practically exponential characterized by a rate constant. By mapping the driven dissipative two-level system onto a dissipative multilevel curve-crossing problem an...

The nucleus of M31 may be a thick eccentric disk, composed of stars traveling on nearly Keplerian orbits around a black hole or other dark compact object. This hypothesis reproduces most of the features seen in HST photometry of the center of M31; in particular the bright o center source P1 is the apoapsis of the disk. An eccentric disk can also explain the rotation curve and asymmetric dispers...

The saturation process of free-electron-laser oscillators (FEL's) in the warm-beam regime is examined, considering radiation-extraction efficiency and spectral width. The spectral width and conversion efficiency can be estimated in both highand low-gain regimes when the laser-oscillator mode population is sparse enough. Under certain conditions, which can be achieved in a relativistic FEL with ...