The β-1,3-glucanases synthesized by filamentous fungi have wide applicability in the food, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries. However, its obtainment can be costly, especially due to substrates used induce synthesis. Therefore, objective of this work was produce β-1,3-glucanase T. harzianum Rifai using free immobilized cells synthetic plant sponges, different inducing that could provide b...

background: in recent years, natural products, especially natural antioxidants, play an important role in various fields. in fact, lippia citriodora is one of the medicinal plants which is cultivated in iran and it may be has potential antioxidant activity. objective: the chemical composition of lippia citriodora essential oil (lceo) has been determined. the total phenolic content and antioxida...

la caldera” is a high mountain lake located in sierra nevada, spain. for its position andcharacteristics it is considered as an important “sensor” for global changes. water samples were collectedduring the ice-free season in order to observe changes in the bacterial community structure. experiments were carried out complementing culture and culture-independent methods. strong variations of the ...

the genus haplophyllum, which belongs to the rutaceae family, includes 18 species in iran. in this study, after collecting plant material, botanical identification and suitable drying, the essential oils from aerial parts of haplophyllum robustum bge. were extracted by three different isolation techniques, conventional hydrodistillation (hd), microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (mahd) and solv...

Safety and quality of food have become a challenge for the food industry looking to replace synthetic preservatives with natural agents. In this context, cinnamon leaf essential oil (CLO) showed to be potent antioxidant and antimicrobial agent; however, its active compounds are highly reactive volatiles and grant strong odors and flavors when used as food additive. With this in mind, the object...

The genus Haplophyllum, which belongs to the Rutaceae family, includes 18 species in Iran. In this study, after collecting plant material, botanical identification and suitable drying, the essential oils from aerial parts of Haplophyllum robustum Bge. were extracted by three different isolation techniques, conventional hydrodistillation (HD), microwave-assisted hydrodistillati...

Pioglitazone, a class II Biopharmaceutical Classification System drug having poor water solubility and slow dissolution rate may have a negative impact on its subtherapeutic plasma drug levels leading to therapeutic failure. In order to improve its water solubility and thus dissolution, cyclodextrin complexation technique was followed. The phase solubility studies were carried using three diffe...

Three new glycosides: thotneoside A (quercetin 3-O-(6″-O-phenylacetyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside) (1), thotneoside B (quercetin 3-O-(6″-O-phenylacetyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside) (2) and thotneoside C (3-methyl-2-butenoic acid 1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) (3), together with nine known compounds; quercetin (4), quercetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (5), quercetin 3-O-(6″-O-galloyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside (6), qu...

The strong selective pressure exerted by excessive use of antibiotics in the last decades has increased the acquisition of resistance genes by horizontal gene transfer. Horizontal gene transfer contributed to the diversification of microorganisms by influencing traits such as metabolic potential of a bacterial cell, antibiotic resistance, symbiosis, fitness, and adaptation. The study of biotic ...

We study the depinning transition of the 1 + 1 dimensional directed polymer in a random environment with a defect line. The random environment consists of i.i.d. potential values assigned to each site ofZ; sites on the positive axis have the potential enhanced by a deterministic value u. We show that for small inverse temperature β the quenched and annealed free energies differ significantly at...