Phosphorylation of proteins plays key roles in many intracellular signal pathways [3]. Gain or loss of phosphorylation sites of proteins during evolution may result in changes in signal transduction pathways. For example, FOXP2, a gene involved in speech and language, was reported to gain a potential target site for phosphorylation in humans after the human-chimpanzee divergence [2]. Here, we r...

This study builds on the hypothesis put forth in Boeckx and Benítez-Burraco (2014), according to which the developmental changes expressed at the levels of brain morphology and neural connectivity that resulted in a more globular braincase in our species were crucial to understand the origins of our language-ready brain. Specifically, this paper explores the links between two well-known 'langua...