Improving Operational Efficiency Through the Use of Smart MCCs in Process Automation Systems Executive Summary The escalating price of fossil fuels marked by fierce global competition is driving process industry decision makers to rethink the way their businesses will perform in the future. In order to stay competitive, manufacturers will have to develop strategies to conserve energy and limit ...

The current power consumption in different parts of the world and an estimate of the future energy needs of the world are given. The present energy supplies and prospects, the possible consequences of a continued massive fossil fuel consumption, and the potential of non-fossil candidates for long-term energy production are outlined. An introduction to possible fusion processes in future fusion ...

Over the last 100 years of the industrial revolution, human civilization has been performing a remarkable experiment on Earth’s climate system. Because of a variety of activities related to population growth and economic development, most notably the burning of fossil fuels, humans have increased the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere by approximately 30%. Carbon dioxide is a gre...

Article history: Received 17 December 2014 Received in revised form 26 August 2015 Accepted 24 November 2015 Available online 18 December 2015 The growth of fossil fuel power production and the consequent increase in the level of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions have set off an alarm signal worldwide. Different policies have been implemented to incentivize the development of renewable energy sour...

Human activities around the world are producing increasingly large quantities of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2) resulting from the consumption of fossil fuels and deforestation. Most experts expect that the accumulation of such gases in the atmosphere will result in a variety of environmental changes over time, including a gradual warming of the global climate, extensive ch...

This paper presents a review of the literature available on biofuels production through different chemical catalytic routes. Biofuels are promising alternative to the fast-depleting fossil fuel and oil reserves. In consideration of the existing environmental issues, such as greenhouse effect and global warming, researchers are now interested in biofuels production from biomass. Biofuels are pro...

The latest scientific data confirmed that the earth's climate is rapidly changing. Therefore, it has been widely accepted worldwide that global warming is by far the greatest threat and challenge in the new millennium. The main factor that causes global warming is the release of greenhouse gases to the environment. In order to reduce the emission of these greenhouse gases and to promote sustain...

Optimal climate policy is studied in a Ramsey growth model. A developing economy weighs global warming less, hence is more likely to exhaust fossil fuel and exacerbate global warming. The optimal carbon tax is higher for a developed economy. We analyze the optimal time of transition from fossil fuel to renewables, amount of fossil fuel to leave in situ, and carbon tax. Subsidizing a backstop wi...

In the early 2000s high expectations existed regarding the potential contribution of biofuels to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and substitution of fossil fuels in transport. In recent years sobering judgments prevailed. The major barriers for a further expansion of biofuels are their high costs (compared to fossil fuels), moderate ecological performances, limited feedstocks for biof...