Comparisons of recent global forest products at higher resolutions that are only available annually have shown major disagreements among forested areas in highly fragmented landscapes. A holistic reductionist framework and colourimetry were applied to create a chorologic typology environmental indicators map extent with an emphasis on large-scale performance, interpretability/communication, spa...

Smail, Robert A.; Lewis, David J. 2009. Forest-land conversion, ecosystem services, and economic issues for policy: a review. PNW-GTR-797. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 40 p. The continued conversion and development of forest land pose a serious threat to the ecosystem services derived from forested landscapes. We argue that de...

Changes in land cover during urbanization profoundly affect the diversity of bird communities, but the demographic mechanisms affecting diversity are poorly known. We advance such understanding by documenting how urbanization influences breeding dispersal-the annual movement of territorial adults-of six songbird species in the Seattle, WA, USA metropolitan area. We color-banded adults and mappe...

For 473 km2 of farmland surrounding Kakamega Forest in western Kenya, QuickBird satellite imagery has been analyzed by an object-based image analysis approach. Preprocessing involved atmospheric/orographic correction as well as mosaicing and was followed by ground truthing and visual interpretation. Segmentation was optimized using a newly introduced ‘area fitness rate’ as a discrepancy method ...

Ð For as long as people have managed natural resources, they have engaged in collective action. But development assistance has paid too little attention to how social and human capital a€ects environmental outcomes. Social capital comprises relations of trust, reciprocity, common rules, norms and sanctions, and connectedness in institutions. Recent years have seen remarkable advances in group f...

 There have been notable attempts to capture the changing nature of personnel roles in response to major transformations in the workplace and the associated rise of ‘HRM’. A decade ago Storey (1992) explored the emerging impact of workplace change on personnel practice in the UK and proposed a new fourfold typology of personnel roles: ‘advisors’, ‘handmaidens’, ‘regulators’ and ‘changem...

Background In recent years there has been increasing interest in creating diversity of educational provision to meet the full range of needs presented by learners. This is both a reflection, and a partial consequence, of the three central agendas for schooling in many countries Standards, Choice and Inclusion, and the growth in Information Communication Technologies and associated systems. The ...

Background In recent years there has been increasing interest in creating diversity of educational provision to meet the full range of needs presented by learners. This is both a reflection, and a partial consequence, of the three central agendas for schooling in many countries Standards, Choice and Inclusion, and the growth in Information Communication Technologies and associated systems. The ...

Forests contain a large amount of carbon (C) stored as tree biomass (above and below ground), detritus, and soil organic material. The aboveground tree biomass is the most rapid change component in this forest C pool. Thus, management of forest resources can influence the net C exchange with the atmosphere by changing the amount of C stored, particularly in landscapes dominated by forests, such...

Forests are experiencing significant changes; studying geographic patterns in forests is critical in understanding the impact of forest dynamics to biodiversity, soil erosion, water chemistry and climate. Few studies have examined forest geographic pattern changes other than fragmentation; however, other spatial processes of forest dynamics are of equal importance. Here, we study forest attriti...