This paper empirically assesses United States direct investment in the European Union. In that respect, market size, growth rate, labor costs, export flows and tariff barriers have already been shown to influence U.S. foreign direct investment in the European Union. The present paper enlarges the field of knowledge on the matter by: (i) exploring the impact of two locational determinants of for...

Productivity differences can explain differences in economic growth across countries. It has been demonstrated that the presence of a foreign-owned multinational enterprise (MNE) in a developing country is one of the most important methods through which technology transfer occurs. This presence could be in the form of foreign direct investment (FDI), licensing, or imports from the developing co...

This empirical research paper focuses on establishing a relationship between external determinants and economic growth of Pakistan economy. Empirical analyses are carried out with time series econometric techniques using data over the period of 1977-2013. The main finding is that external determinants such as foreign remittances, foreign direct investment, and foreign imports matter from a grow...

Productivity differences can explain differences in economic growth across countries. It has been demonstrated that the presence of a foreign-owned multinational enterprise (MNE) in a developing country is one of the most important methods through which technology transfer occurs. This presence could be in the form of foreign direct investment (FDI), licensing, or imports from the developing co...

investment in oil and gas upstream activities is very important for the exploration and development of oil and gas fields. different and various laws and regulations deal with the investment in upstream operations. by reviewing these various laws and regulations, this research paper tries to discuss to what extent these laws and regulations have created legal confident for foreign investment up...

Is there a pecking order of cross-border investment in that countries become financially integrated through some types of investment rather than others? Using a novel database of bilateral capital stocks for all types of investment – foreign direct investment (FDI), portfolio equity securities, debt securities as well as loans – for a broad set of 77 countries, we show that such a pecking order...