(1) The necessary condition for an economic recovery is the new creation of purchasing power. Non-performing loans form an obstacle to the banks’ ability to create this purchasing power, and this is the root cause of the recession. (2) At the present time the central bank alone is able to increase purchasing power. It is necessary that it engages in open market purchases of assets and active fo...

In the aftermath of the Taper Tantrum episode, the Central Bank of Brazil announced a major program of intervention in foreign exchange markets on August 2013, with daily sales of FX futures settling in domestic currency swaps that provided insurance against a depreciation of the real. We analyze the effect of that program on the level and volatility of the exchange rate using a synthetic contr...

countries. They were viewed as models for advances in technology and economic improvement. In the summer and fall of 1997, however, they experienced financial problems, leading to what is commonly referred to as the “Asian crisis,” and resulting in bailouts of several countries by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Much of the crisis is attributed to the substantial depreciation of Asian cu...

Pricing is one of the major aspects of decision making in supply chain. In the previous works mostly a centralized environment is considered indicating the retailers cannot independently apply their decisions on the pricing strategy. Although in a two-echelon decentralized environment it may be possible that supply chain contributors have encountered with different market power situations which...

In May 1927, the German central bank intervened indirectly to reduce lending to equity investors. The crash that followed ended the only stock market boom during Germany’s relative stabilization 1924-28. This paper examines the factors that lead to the intervention as well as its consequences. We argue that genuine concern about the ‘exuberant’ level of the stock market, in addition to worries ...

We investigate triangular arbitrage within the spot foreign exchange market using highfrequency executable prices. We show that triangular arbitrage opportunities do exist, but that most have short durations and small magnitudes. We find intra-day variations in the number and length of arbitrage opportunities, with larger numbers of opportunities with shorter mean durations occurring during mor...

Foreign Exchange trading has emerged in recent times as a significant activity in many countries. As with most forms of trading, the activity is influenced by many random parameters so that the creation of a system that effectively emulates the trading process will he very helpful. In this paper we try to create such a system with a Genetic Algorithm engine to emulate trader behaviour on the Fo...