This article presents an overview of dynamic biomechanics of the asymptomatic foot and ankle that occur during walking and running. Functional descriptions for walking are provided along with a review of quantitative findings from biomechanical analyses. Foot and ankle kinematics and kinetics during running are then presented, starting with a general description that is followed by more specifi...

The Motion Foot is a new foot/ankle system that offers near-normal ankle range of motion via a hydraulic ankle (ROM = 50 deg), paired with an energy-storing foot plate. This system has been developed to offer to above-knee and below-knee prosthesis wearer: 1) improved comfort, 2) reducedloads on proximal joints and 3) improved stability. Improved comfort and reduced proximal joint loading is ac...

BACKGROUND The Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) is a patient-reported questionnaire measuring symptoms and functional limitations of the foot and ankle. Aim is to translate and culturally adapt the Dutch version of the FAOS and to investigate internal consistency, validity, repeatability and responsiveness. METHODS According to the Cross Cultural Adaptation of Self-Report Measures guidelin...

BACKGROUND Ankle and foot injuries are common in professional soccer players, but the relation among diagnosis, severity and time lost from play is not well known. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship among diagnosis, injury severity and time lost to play of professional soccer players with severe ankle and foot injuries with reviewing the recent literature. DE...

Foot and ankle injuries are extremely common among athletes and other physically active individuals. Rehabilitation programs that emphasize the use of therapeutic exercise to restore joint range of motion, muscle strength, neuromuscular coordination, and gait mechanics have been shown to have clinical success for patients suffering various foot and ankle pathologies. Rehabilitation programs are...

BACKGROUND Augmented low-Dye (ALD) tape is frequently used in the management of lower limb musculoskeletal pain and injury, yet our knowledge of its effect is incomplete, especially in regard to its neuromotor effects. METHODS We measured electromyographic (EMG) activity of twelve lower limb muscles, three-dimensional kinematics of the ankle, knee, hip and pelvis, foot posture and foot mobili...

Foot and ankle-foot orthoses are prescribed in order to promote mobility through supporting and/or realigning the lower leg and alleviating pain in the foot in different parts of the gait cycle. This paper will outline new approaches to the design and manufacture of personalised foot and ankle-foot orthoses (FO and AFO) using additive fabrication technology. The research is addressing the need ...

BACKGROUND The main purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of an association between intermetatarsal neuroma and foot type, as measured by the Foot Posture Index. The study also examined whether there was a relationship between foot type and the interspace affected with intermetatarsal neuroma, and whether ankle equinus or body mass index had an effect. METHODS In total, 100 pa...

BACKGROUND Foot-drop is a common motor impairment of chronic stroke patients, which may be addressed with an ankle foot orthosis. Although there is reasonable evidence of effectiveness for ankle foot orthoses, user compliance is sometimes poor. This study investigated a new alternative to the ankle foot orthosis, the dorsiflex sock. CASE DESCRIPTION AND METHODS The dorsiflex sock was evaluate...

When humans hop or run on different surfaces, they adjust their effective leg stiffness to offset changes in surface stiffness. As a result, the overall stiffness of the leg-surface series combination remains independent of surface stiffness. The purpose of this study was to determine whether humans make a similar adjustment when springs are placed in parallel with the leg via a lower limb orth...