OBJECTIVE The present study was done to evaluate the frequency of thyroid cancer and to find out the prevalence of histological types of thyroid tumor with respect to age and sex group. SETTING This study included consecutive cases of malignant tumors of thyroid gland, which were diagnosed in the Department of Pathology at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi during the period of three y...

Thyroid nodules are a common clinical problem and with the growing use of diagnostic imaging, the number of thyroid nodules identified and undergoing further diagnostic evaluation by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) is steadily growing. Only 5 % of all thyroid nodules harbour malignancy and thyroid cancer constitutes only 1 % of all epithelial malignancies worldwide and represents 95 % of al...

OBJECTIVE Thyroid proteomics is a new direction in thyroid cancer research aiming at etiological understanding and biomarker identification for improved diagnosis. METHODS Two-dimensional electrophoresis was applied to cytosolic protein extracts from frozen thyroid samples (ten follicular adenomas, nine follicular carcinomas, ten papillary carcinomas, and ten reference thyroids). Spots with d...

Introduction The incidence of metastatic thyroid tumours range from 2 to 3% of all thyroid cancer cases. Histological and immunohistochemical examination plays a decisive role in metastasis recognition. Metastases to the thyroid gland are rarely identified in cytological diagnostics. Patients who were postoperatively recognized with metastasis to the thyroid gland were diagnosed in cytological ...

The most common BRAF mutation in thyroid cancer is c.1799T>A (p.Val600Glu), and other BRAF mutations are rarely reported. We investigated the clinicopathological features of thyroid cancer with rare BRAF mutations. A total of 2,763 patients with thyroid cancer underwent molecular testing by direct DNA sequencing for mutations in BRAF exon 15. Among them, 2,110 (76.4%) had BRAF mutations. The c....

Background: Classical teaching dictates that follicular adenoma (FA) can be distinguished from follicular carcinoma (FC) based on histologic features only. We retrospectively reviewed our institution’s 10-year experience in the use of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) to diagnose follicular thyroid neoplasms. Methods: Patients who had FNA of a thyroid neoplasm from 2000 to 2010 were reviewed. Diagno...

According to the literature thyroid nodules are quite rare in the first two decades of life. However, there are some exceptions, relating to areas with an iodine deficiency or affected by radioactive fallout, where the risk of nodules and carcinomas is increased. Therefore, it is a great challenge for the physician to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions preoperatively, and not only...

background: fine needle aspiration (fna) has led to a decrease in unnecessary surgeries for thyroid nodules. this study was designed to compare diagnostic value of fna and frozen section methods in the follicular lesions. methods: this is a cross-sectional study based on the medical records of 42 patients who were referred to surgery clinic of rasool-e-akram hospital in tehran with complaint of...

This paper reviews the state-of-the-art on the management of thyroid cancer in humans, including the following thyroid carcinomas: papillary, follicular, poorly differentiated (insular), undifferentiated (anaplastic), and medullary (sporadic and inherited forms). Also metastatic (secondary) neoplasms of the thyroid gland have been approached. The rules of treatment (surgical, with use of I and ...