Three homologous spectrin domains have remarkably different folding characteristics. We have previously shown that the slow-folding R16 and R17 spectrin domains can be altered to resemble the fast folding R15, in terms of speed of folding (and unfolding), landscape roughness and folding mechanism, simply by substituting five residues in the core. Here we show that, by contrast, R15 cannot be en...

The folding of larger proteins generally differs from the folding of similarly large nucleic acids in the number and stability of the intermediates involved. To date, however, no similar comparison has been made between the folding of smaller proteins, which typically fold without well-populated intermediates, and the folding of small, simple nucleic acids. In response, in this study, we compar...

The recently discovered AV3Sb5 (A=K, Rb, Cs) family, possessing V kagome nets, has received considerable attention due to the topological electronic structure and intriguing correlated phenomena, including an exotic charge density wave (CDW) superconductivity. Detailed studies are essential unravel characteristics origin of CDW as well its interplay with Here, we present angle-resolved photoemi...

Guided by the recent success of empirical model predicting the folding rates of small two-state folding proteins from the relative contact order (CO) of their native structures, by a theoretical model of protein folding that predicts that logarithm of the folding rate decreases with the protein chain length L as L(2/3), and by the finding that the folding rates of multistate folding proteins st...

Peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerases (PPIases) are an enzyme family which catalyse the isomerisation of proline peptide bonds to promote folding and re-folding peptides proteins. Three subfamilies have been identified: cyclophilins, FK506-binding proteins parvulins. Individual PPIases overexpressed in a number cancers [62], members targetted for immunosuppressant effects.

Abstract. The review describes the application of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study kinetics folding, refolding and aggregation proteins, RNA DNA. Time-resolved NMR experiments can be conducted in a reversible or an irreversible manner. In particular, folding pose large requirements for (i) signal-to-noise due time limitations (ii) synchronising steps. Thus, this contributi...

introduction: numerous studies have demonstrated that kisspeptin, a peptide from the kiss1 gene, plays an important role in regulating the secretion of gonadotropin releasing hormone (gnrh). also, there is some evidence suggesting that kisspeptin can interact with other neuropeptides for the control of the reproductive axis. in the present study, we have investigated the effect of central admin...

Background: RNA plays key role in many aspects of biological processes and its tertiary structure is critical for its biological function. RNA secondary structure represents various significant portions of RNA tertiary structure. Since the biological function of RNA is concluded indirectly from its primary structure, it would be important to analyze the relations between the RNA sequences and t...

nimodipine, an l-type calcium channel blocker, can induce analgesia. however, it is not clear that this analgesic effect is at the level of spinal or supraspinal pain pathway. in addition, it has been reported that the analgesic effect of nifedipine, another l-type calcium channel blocker is related to the hpa axis, but there is no report indicating the role of this axis in the analgesic effect...

the prevalence of mental health disorders continues to rise worldwide, such that it is estimated that 1in 4 individuals will be affected by a mental health disorder at some point in their lifetime. research has found that the most prevalent mental health disorders are depressive disorder. depression is a common condition, particularly within the aging population. the development of depression, ...