SH signals recorded by an array of four broadband (Benioff 1-90) instruments, run by Caltech, are inspected for evidence of a lower mantle shear wave velocity discontinuity previously detected using WWSSN data. Deep focus earthquakes beneath Argentina span the distance range 78 ø to 82 ø from the array, where the triplication in the travel time curve produced by the discontinuity is expected to...

SS precursors are the underside reflections from the upper mantle discontinuities such as those at 410 and 660 km. They are important tools for studying the existence and characteristics of mantle discontinuities both on the global and regional scales (see Deuss, 2009 for a review). Due to their sensitivity at the midpoint between source and receiver, coverage for oceanic regions is achieved wh...

The digitization has led to an ecosystem in which an online media portal has become an essential extension of traditional media and users are enabled to consume news and entertainment via different platforms. These evolutions pose some challenges for the media companies in terms of shifting business models, but they also bring them new possibilities in managing their relations with users. An im...

[1] Accurate determination of parameters about seismic discontinuities in the earth, such as their depth, existence, and strength, provides critical information about the physical and chemical states and dynamics of the earth’s interior. Unfortunately, those parameters can be strongly affected by factors that are not related to the discontinuities. We use synthetic seismograms to estimate the i...

Market prices are well known to efficiently collect and aggregate diverse information regarding the value of commodities and assets. The role of markets has been particularly suitable to pricing financial securities. This article provides an alternative application of the pricing mechanism to marketing research using pseudo-securities markets to measure preferences over new product concepts. Su...

This paper reviews CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical systems) fabrication technologies and enabled micro devices of various sensors and actuators. The technologies are classified based on the sequence of the fabrication of CMOS circuitry and MEMS elements, while SOI (silicon-on-insulator) CMOS MEMS are introduced separately. Introduction of associated...

This Paper presents on 3D stacking technology with 2.5μm x 2.5μm In (Indium) bump connections with adhesive injection [1]. Instead of using the simple test device, this technology has been verified using the actual circuit level test chip. And it was found that the completion of stacking process is affected by the layout pattern of stacked each tier. In order to minimize those effects, we have ...

The objective of this long term study will be to determine factors that may influence the IT audit process and develop a model that can be used to improve process quality. Using focus groups of internal auditors at one large, health care products and services company we identify factors rated as critical by one or more of these groups and develop a first draft of a quality model. This model cou...