BACKGROUND In this study, the fermentation of ginseng seeds was hypothesized to produce useful physiologically-active substances, similar to that observed for fermented ginseng root. Ginseng seed was fermented using Bacillus, Pediococcus, and Lactobacillus strains to extract ginseng seed oil, and the extraction yield, color, and quantity of phenolic compounds, fatty acids, and phytosterol were ...

Fluid therapy is important for many medical conditions in veterinary patients. The assessment of patient history, chief complaint, physical exam findings, and indicated additional testing will determine the need for fluid therapy. Fluid selection is dictated by the patient's needs, including volume, rate, fluid composition required, and location the fluid is needed (e.g., interstitial versus in...

The effect of cholera toxin on the content of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the enterochromaffin cells of the cat small intestine was estimated by cytofluorimetry of individual enterochromaffin cells at varying times after exposing the intestinal mucosa to the toxin. The observed changes in 5-HT levels in the enterochromaffin cells were correlated with the simultaneously measured rate of net fl...

In this paper we consider a single buffer fluid model where sources arrive according to a Poisson process, and stay in the system for independent and identically distributed (iid) exponential amounts of time and then depart. While they are in the system, they generate fluid traffic that is modulated by iid finite state continuous time Markov chains (CTMC). The fluid in the buffer is drained at ...

It is the unique interaction between the solid and fluid components that provide the intervertebral discs the strength and flexibility necessary to bear the physiological loading of the spine. The current research is directed towards developing a numerical model of a lumbar disc including the fluid flow into and out of the intervertebral disc. The presence of the fluid is imperative in order to...

Background Acinetobacter are gram negative, catalase positive, oxidase negative, nonmotile, non fermenting cocobacilli. The emergence of Acinetobacter infection is uncommon in organ systems that have a high fluid content. The nosocomial infections including, respiratory tract, CSF, peritoneal fluid, urinary tract, and endotracheal aspirtes (ET) are the place where they have the capabilities to ...

For 128 pleural fluids, the relationship between the protein content and the reading for the specific gravity obtained from a refractometer calibrated for urinary specific gravity was analyzed. The refractometer gave falsely high levels for the specific gravity of the pleural fluid. A reading for 1.019 (rather than 1.016) corresponded to a concentration of protein of 3.0 gm/100 ml, and each dev...

We consider a feedback finite fluid queue with downward jumps, where the net flow rate and the jump size for the fluid are controlled by a background Markov chain with a finite state space. The finite means that the fluid queue has a finite buffer. The feedback means that the transition structure of the background process may change when the buffer content becomes empty or full. In this paper, ...

The free amino-acids normally present in cerebrospinal fluid are leucine, valine, alanine, glycine, serine, and glutamine. The concentration of each amino-acid is much less than that found in plasma, with the exception of glutamine, which is in higher concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid. Walshe (1951) examined the cerebrospinal fluid of three patients in hepatic coma by paper chromatograph...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Double-chamber peritoneal dialysis fluids exert less toxicity by their neutral pH and reduced glucose degradation product content. The role of the buffer compound (lactate and bicarbonate) has not been defined in humans. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS A multicenter randomized controlled trial in 37 children on automated peritoneal dialysis was performe...