ZSM-5 zeolite is widely used in catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon, but the conventional ZSM-5 zeolite deactivates quickly due to its simple microporous and long diffusion pathway. Many studies have been done to overcome these disadvantages recently. In this review, four main approaches for enhancing the catalytic performance, namely synthesis of ZSM-5 zeolite with special morphology, hierarchic...

Zeolite Beta/MCM-41 composites have been prepared with various crystallinities of zeolite Beta through a twostep crystallization process involving the combination of low crystallinity zeolite Beta synthesis gel with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide surfactant solution. The composites are characterized by XRD, SEM, Si and Al MAS NMR, N2 adsorption, NH3-TPD and catalytic cracking. The experimental ...

For co-processing of bio-oil and conventional fossil feed in existing refinery fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) units, little attention has been paid to the increased aromatics basic nitrogen content associated with introduction how it affects FCC performance. In this contribution, effect blending two bio-oils obtained from different treatment wheat-straw pyrolysis vapors atmospheric residue was ...

Chars produced from the pyrolysis of different waste materials have been investigated in terms of their use as a catalyst for the catalytic cracking of biomass pyrolysis gases during the two-stage pyrolysis-gasification of biomass. The chars were produced from the pyrolysis of waste tyres, refused derived fuel and biomass in the form of date stones. The results showed that the hydrocarbon tar y...

Catalytic pyrolysis is a promising thermochemical conversion route for lignocellulosic biomass that produces chemicals and fuels compatible with current, petrochemical infrastructure. Catalytic modifications to pyrolysis bio-oils are geared towards the elimination and substitution of oxygen and oxygen-containing functionalities in addition to increasing the hydrogen to carbon ratio of the final...

A compound catalyst (RA) consisted of Ni, ZnO and HZSM-5 with functions of reactive adsorption desulfurization (RADS) and olefin aromatization for fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) gasoline upgrading was prepared. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), temperature-programmed reduction and low-temperature N2 adsorption were used to characterize the properties of the catalysts. Performance evaluation by FC...

A novel utilization method of filter residue from the preparation process of zeolite-based catalysts was investigated. Y zeolite and a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst were synthesized from filter residue. Compared to the Y zeolite synthesized by the conventional method, the Y zeolite synthesized from filter residue exhibited better thermal stability. The catalyst possessed wide-pore dis...

Full-field transmission X-ray microscopy has been used to determine the 3D structure of a whole individual fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) particle at high spatial resolution and in a fast, noninvasive manner, maintaining the full integrity of the particle. Using X-ray absorption mosaic imaging to combine multiple fields of view, computed tomography was performed to visualize the macropore struc...