During the last deglaciation, abrupt freshwater discharge events from proglacial lakes in North America, such as glacial Lake Agassiz, are believed to have drained into the North Atlantic Ocean, causing large shifts in climate by weakening the formation of North Atlantic Deep Water and decreasing ocean heat transport to high northern latitudes. These discharges were caused by changes in lake dr...

Storage routing models are becoming more widely accepted for flood hydrograph synthesis. The network models represent a considerable advance in this direction even though these models are based on many assumptions and empirical relationships. Watershed Bounded Network Model (WBNM) is one such model. This model maintains a good relationship between the hydrological and geomorphological propertie...

In practice heterogeneous networks comprising of diverse nodes need to operate efficiently under a wide range of node mobility and link quality regimes. In this paper, we propose algorithms to determine the goodput of flows in heterogeneous mobile networks. We consider a scenario where some network nodes operate as routers while others operate as flooders, based on the underlying forwarding pol...

This study is undertaken to compare some different flood routing models including wave models and numerical models in the real field. The results of the wave models included kinematic, diffusive and dynamic wave have already been compared using laboratory data. Lack of the data field and technical support has been causes of not be investigated in the real field. In this present paper, several n...

The interaction between groundwater (GW) and surface water (SW) not only sustains runoff in dry seasons but also plays an important role river floods. Lateral inflow is the recharge of to during a flood; this part GW-SW exchange. Hydrological engineers proposed idea modelling flood routing using Muskingum-Cunge method, which exchange fully considered. This study proposes improved nonlinear mode...

When a routing protocol for manet Networks (mobile and ad hoc networks) does a route discovery, it does not discover the shortest route but the route through which the route request flood traveled faster. In addition, since nodes are moving, a route that was the shortest one at discovery time might stop being so in quite a short period of time. This causes, not only a much bigger end-to-end del...

The deployment of intelligent remote surveillance systems depends on wireless sensor networks (WSNs) composed of various miniature resource-constrained wireless sensor nodes. The development of routing protocols for WSNs is a major challenge because of their severe resource constraints, ad hoc topology and dynamic nature. Among those proposed routing protocols, the biology-inspired self-organiz...

ions: Forms of precipitation, data analysis, rain gauge networks; Infiltration process, infiltration indices and Horton's equation; Evaporation and Evapo-transpiration Pan evaporation, empirical equations for estimating evaporation and evapo-transpiration; Transpiration, Runoff and Hydrographs: Rainfall runoff relations, time area concept, flow duration curve, mass curve, flow hydrograph, Unit ...

In this paper we propose an approach to improve the performance of existing flood based routing algorithm Ad-hoc on demand Distance Vector Routing [2] for mobile Ad-hoc wireless networks based on heuristic searching technique. Flooding technique is often used for route discovery in on demand mechanism in MANET such as AODV, DSR. To avoid the problem of wireless broadcast storm, the heuristic se...

Advances in multimedia and ad-hoc networking have urged a wealth of research in multimedia delivery over ad-hoc networks. This comes as no surprise, as those networks are versatile and beneficial to a plethora of applications where the use of fully wired network has proved intricate if not impossible, such as prompt formation of networks during conferences, disaster relief in case of flood and ...