Fungal and bacterial microbes are known to mimic mammalian cytochrome P450 metabolism. Traditionally, microbial biotransformation screening and small scale-ups (<1 liter) are performed in shake-flask reactors. An alternative approach is the use of hollow fiber cartridge (HFC) reactors. The performance of HFC reactors is compared with shake-flask reactors using diclofenac as a model substrate. A...

conclusions it can be concluded that the devisable memory-enhancing effects of red lentil (lens culinaris) are due to the antioxidant activity of its flavonoid, tannins, and terpenoids. background since ancient times, people have believed that certain foods or plants can affect learning and memory potency in humans. the consumption of food and beverages rich in flavonoid compounds has been prop...

The Lost Foam Casting (LFC) process employs a sacrificial foam replica of the desired casting that is supported by an unbonded sand mold through an overhead raining and flask vibration stage. Generally, the raining and vibration is programmed to a pattern-specific schedule to adequately promote fluidized sand flow into pattern cavities and produce proper densification. Currently, a lengthy tria...

compared to other methods of vaccine production, (e.g. culture flask and bioreactor system), the roller culture method for producing rabies vaccine is simpler, and the equipment easier to install and maintain, and also in the event of contamination of one roller, the entire batch need not be discarded. this system provides a much larger surface area than the culture flask, and also ensures a mu...

Golgi reported an " internal reticular apparatus " in neurons — a structure now known as the Golgi apparatus. Although this is by far his best-remembered work, Golgi made many other important scientific discoveries in his lifetime (1843–1926), and in 1906 shared the Nobel prize for Physiology or Medicine with Santiago Ramón y Cajal for their studies on the structure of the nervous system. As we...

A new method is described for determining in shales the amount of sulphides that dissolve in dilute hydrochloric acid. 1he samples are treated with hydrochloric acid under vacuum, and the hydrogen sulphide evolved is absorbed in potassium hydroxide and titrated with potassium _~'~ermanganate. The analytical results are expressed as FeS. INTRODUCTION During a study of the distribution of the sul...

Plasmid-based vaccines and therapeutics have been making their way into the clinic in the last years. The existence of cost-effective manufacturing processes capable of delivering high amounts of high-quality plasmid DNA (pDNA) is essential to generate enough material for trials and support future commercialization. However, the development of pDNA manufacturing processes is often hampered by d...

Flavonoids are exploited as antioxidants, antimicrobial, antithrombogenic, antiviral, and antihypercholesterolemic agents. Normally, conventional extraction techniques like soxhlet or shake flask methods provide low yield of flavonoids with structural loss, and thereby, these techniques may be considered as inefficient. In this regard, an attempt was made to optimize the flavonoid extraction us...

Adenovirus vector production by anchorage-independent 293 cells immobilized using porous biomass support particles (BSPs) was investigated in static and shake-flask cultures for efficient large-scale production of adenovirus vectors for gene therapy applications. The density of cells immobilized within BSPs was evaluated by measuring their WST-8 (2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-...