I Since the early days of generative grammat the study of "unbounded dependencies" such as arD-questions and reladve clauses has occupied a centrd place in both qmuctic theory and language processing research. The problem that such constructions pose is as follows. In a normal rzD-question, a wb' phrase is tlpically displaced to the left periphery of a clause (rVlnt did you say -to John?);.this...

Fillers and pauses in spoken language indicate hesitations. Filler type (uh vs. um) is believed to signal a minor or major following speech delay in L1. We examined whether advanced speakers of L2 German use pauses following filler type (äh vs. ähm) in the same way as native speakers do. Two Map Task corpora of L1 and L2 were contrasted with respect to speaker role, filler type and the exact ti...

Stress-strain behavior of some starch xanthideand carbon black-reinforced styrene-butadiene elastomers was investigated as a function of filler particle size and structure. In starch xanthide systems, low strain behavior is sensitive to particle structure; high strain behavior, to particle size. Electron photomicrographs of the several starch xanthide-reinforced vulcanizates were analyzed with ...

We study the structural and dynamical mechanisms of reinforcement of a polymer nanocomposite (PNC) via coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. In a regime of strong polymer-filler interactions, the stress at failure of the PNC is clearly correlated to structural quantities, such as the filler loading, the surface area of the polymer-filler interface, and the network structure. Additional...

The aim of this study was to produce isotactic polypropylene based composites filled with waste thermosetting bulk moulded composite (BMC). The influence of BMC waste addition (5, 10, 20 wt%) on composites structure and properties was investigated. Moreover, additional studies of chemical treatment of the filler were prepared. Modification of BMC waste by calcium stearate (CaSt) powder allows t...

The study deals with the Payne effect (a substantial decrease in the storage modulus of a particle-reinforced elastomer with an increase in the amplitude of mechanical oscillations). The influence of temperature, concentration of filler and amplitude and frequency of strains is analyzed on the mechanical response of filled rubbery polymers. Constitutive equations are derived using the concept o...

In this work the fracture toughness of epoxy resin has been improved through the addition of low loading of single part and hybrid nanofiller materials. Functionalised multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs) was used as single filler, increased the critical strain energy release rate, GIC, by 57% compared to the neat epoxy, at only 0.1 wt% filler content. Importantly, no degradation in the ten...

Accounts of the role of Broca's area in sentence comprehension range from specific syntactic operations to domain-general processes. The present study was designed to tease apart these two general accounts by measuring the BOLD response to two syntactically distinct long-distance dependencies that invoke abstractly similar predictive processes: backward anaphora and filler-gap dependencies. Pre...