Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum is a serious disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), through which grain quality losses are induced by fungal trichotecene mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON). A class of plasma membrane localized ABC transporter proteins related to the yeast PDR5 (pleiotropic drug resistance5) efflux pump seems to be responsible for partial resista...

Analysis of Fusarium head blight (FHB) pathogen diversity revealed that 3ADON producing Fusarium graminearum are prevalent in North America and identified significant population structure associated with trichothecene chemotype differences (F(ST)>0.285; P<0.001). In addition, we identified a trichothecene chemotype cline in Canada and documented a recent and significant shift in FHB pathogen co...

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is an important disease of wheat and causes significant economic and yield losses. The principal pathogen associated with FHB in Manitoba is Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch (anamorph = Fusarium graminearum Schwabe). Trichoderma harzianum Rifai is a well-known biocontrol agent of many plant pathogens. The extracts from 11 T. harzianum isolates and cellfree filtrates w...

To expand our knowledge of Fusarium head blight (FHB) pathogen and trichothecene toxin diversity, a global collection of 2100 isolates was screened for novel genetic variation, resulting in the identification of 16 phylogenetically divergent FHB isolates. The affinities and taxonomic status of these novel isolates were evaluated via phylogenetic analyses of multilocus DNA sequence data (13 gene...

We present a catalogue of 430 Field Horizontal Branch (FHB) stars, selected from the Hamburg/ESO Survey (HES), which fortuitously align with high column density neutral hydrogen (H I) High-Velocity Cloud (HVC) gas. These stars are ideal candidates for absorption-line studies of HVCs, attempts at which have been made for almost 40 years with little success. A parent sample of 8321 HES FHB stars ...

The plantar fascia and intrinsic foot muscles (IFM) modulate stiffness. However, it is unclear whether the corresponding ultrasonography findings reflect it. This study aimed to examine effect of IFM morphologies on force attenuation during landing reactivity when jumping in healthy adults (n = 21; age, 21–27 years). Thickness, cross-sectional area (CSA), hardness fascia, abductor hallucis (AbH...

Epidemiology researchers based at PA, OH, IN, ND, and SD land grant universities are collaborating to provide growers and agricultural industry with timely and reliable disease forecasts for Fusarium head blight (FHB). Knowledge about sources of inoculum, inoculum levels, and weather conditions favorable for FHB development is crucial in devising a handy and reliable disease forecaster. The eff...

fusarium head blight (fhb) caused by fusarium graminearum is responsible for billions of dollars in agriculture losses. the goal of the present study was evaluation the expression of acidic chitinase, one of pr proteins, in wheat defense response against different fhb induced treatments in 'falat' as a highly susceptible and 'sumai3' as a tolerant cultivar. these treatments contained fungi extr...

One of the most severe winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) diseases is Fusarium head blight (FHB). It believed that selection for resistance to FHB better in high disease pressure environments, which various methods artificial inoculation are used. The standard spray method be technically demanding and labour intensive. Therefore, scattering Fusarium-infected maize stalks onto trial plots after...