We present results from simulations of two flavor QCD thermodynamics at Nt = 4 with domain wall fermions. In contrast to other lattice fermion formulations, domain wall fermions preserve the full SUL(Nf )⊗ SUR(Nf) symmetry of the continuum at finite lattice spacing (up to terms exponentially small in an extra parameter). Just above the phase transition, we find that the UA(1) symmetry is broken...

A fully non-perturbative lattice determination of the up/down and strange quark masses is given for quenched QCD using both, O(a) improved Wilson fermions and ordinary Wilson fermions. For the strange quark mass with O(a) improved fermions we obtain m s (μ = 2GeV) = 105(4)MeV, using the interquark force scale r0. Due to quenching problems fits are only possible for quark masses larger than the ...

A recently developed model of interacting composite fermions, is used to investigate different composite-fermion phases. Their interaction potential allows for the formation of both solid and new quantum-liquid phases, which are interpreted in terms of second-generation composite fermions and which may be responsible for the fractional quantum Hall states observed at unusual filling factors, su...

We consider fermions in the field of a static Abelian monopole in the Euclidean space time, having in mind applications to the lattice. There exists an infinite number of solutions describing the S-wave fermions and labeled by an imaginary frequency iω. The well known zero mode of Jackiw and Rebbi corresponds to ω = 0. The existence of such modes is a manifestation of instability of the vacuum ...

We show that new massless Dirac fermions are generated when a slowly varying periodic potential is applied to graphene. These quasiparticles, generated near the supercell Brillouin zone boundaries with anisotropic group velocity, are different from the original massless Dirac fermions. The quasiparticle wave vector (measured from the new Dirac point), the generalized pseudospin vector, and the ...

A new theory makes testable predictions: (1) Higgs fields have an unconventional equation of motion. (2) Fermions have a second-order coupling to gauge fields. (3) Fermion propagators are modified at high energy. (4) There are new scalar bosons which are supersymmetric partners of spin 1/2 fermions. (5) Since W-bosons gravitate differently from fermions and massless gauge bosons, there is a ver...

The spin structure functions of the system of quasifree fermions on mass shell are studied in a consistently covariant approach. Comparison with the basic formulas following from the quark-parton model reveals the importance of the fermion motion inside the target for the correct evaluation of the spin structure functions. In particular it is shown, that regarding the moment Γ1, both the approa...

We discuss non-Abelian bosonization of two and three dimensional fermions using a path-integral framework in which the bosonic action follows from the evaluation of the fermion determinant for the Dirac operator in the presence of a vector field. This naturally leads to the Wess-Zumino-Witten action for massless two-dimensional fermions and to a Chern-Simons action for very massive three dimens...

In a Hamiltonian formalism we study chiral symmetry for lattice Fermions formulated in terms of Shockley surface states bound to a wall in an extra spatial dimension. For hadronic physics this provides a natural scheme for taking quark masses to zero without requiring a precise tuning of parameters. We illustrate the chiral anomaly as a flow of states in this extra dimension. We discuss two alt...

We introduce a new approach to create and detect Majorana fermions using optically trapped 1D fermionic atoms. In our proposed setup, two internal states of the atoms couple via an optical Raman transition-simultaneously inducing an effective spin-orbit interaction and magnetic field-while a background molecular BEC cloud generates s-wave pairing for the atoms. The resulting cold-atom quantum w...