BACKGROUND Complex malformations of the female genital tract are often incorrectly identified, treated and reported, probably due to not considering the malformation as a cause of the clinical symptoms and neither the embryological origin of the different elements of the genitourinary tract. METHODS Complex malformations are studied and classified, and new types are presented. The new types o...

Female genital tract infections are among the most common conditions causing individuals to seek medical care, and are associated with a high gynaecologic and reproductive morbidity. Thus, prompt and precise diagnosis of genital tract infections is essential to institute effective therapy and prevent sequelae. It is therefore desirable to develop an easily performed, objective test that can be ...

Vaginal ultrasonography of uterine peristalsis during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle demonstrates an increasing frequency and intensity of subendometrial and myometrial peristaltic waves as the follicular phase progresses. During this time the numbers of contraction waves with a fundo-cervical direction decrease considerably in favour of waves of contraction with a cervico-fundal d...

Serially obtained urinary polyamine levels were determined for 192 patients during a specified time period. The number of patient urine samples totaled 938. The patients had tumors of either the breast, stomach, prostate, or female genital tract, or metastatic carcinomas of unknown origin. Tumor activity and tumor volume, along with other clinical information, were also recorded during the time...

Leiomyomas are benign neoplasms that are thought to originate from the vascular smooth muscle. They have a propensity to arise from the gastrointestinal tract, female genital tract (uterus) and subcutaneous tissue. The nasal cavity is an uncommon site for a leiomyoma. We report a 24-year-old woman with a rare nasal leiomyoma. A brief review of the literature and histological variations are desc...

BACKGROUND The aim of the study is to investigate the clinical features, treatments, and prognosis of stage 1 embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the female genital tract. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on nine cases of stage 1 embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the female genital tract. Clinical characteristics, treatments, recurrence, and prognosis were analyzed. RESULTS Of the nine ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) genotypes in infective diseases of the female lower genital tract, especially in cervical diseases. This study included 128 CT-positive women. DNA was extracted from cervical swabs. Omp1 gene PCR-RFLP and sequencing were used to confirm the subtypes of CT. The association of subtypes with age, clinical s...

BACKGROUND Dysplastic lesions of the vagina or the vulva often occur in women who have a previous history of cervical dysplasia. Most lesions in the female lower genital tract are induced by infections with high-risk oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs), including HPV16 and HPV18. HR-HPV genomes frequently integrate into host cell chromosomes at random sites. We analyzed viral integration...

► Synchronous mucinous metaplasia and neoplasia of the female genital tract (SMMN-FGT) is a rare mucinous lesion. ► This is the first case of SMMN-FGT with DNA sequencing of STK11 and KRAS, but no mutation was identified.

1. Summary 1. Embryonic Development and Viability in Livestock Species 1.1. Techniques for analyzing maternal contributions to embryonic viability 1.2. Physiological basis of embryonic viability in the female genital tract 2. Evaluation of Embryonic Viability 2.