Introduction A reliable and accurate evaluation of oral-motor skills in newborns at risk for swallowing and feeding disorders is key to set the goals of effective early interventions. Although many tools are available to assess oral-motor skills in newborns, limited evidence exists for what pertains their reliability and their effectivity in predicting short- and long-term developmental outcome...

The objective of this experiment was to determine if transcript abundance of genes involved in metabolic pathways in adipose and liver tissue could provide some explanation for the low efficiency with which ME in autumn pasture is used for BW gain. Nonlactating, pregnant (208 ± 19 d of gestation or approximately 75 d precalving) dairy cows (n = 90) were randomly allocated to either a control di...

OBJECTIVE To assess rates of initiation of breast-feeding and exclusive breast-feeding within 2 months after delivery and to determine the factors influencing exclusive breast-feeding. DESIGN A health worker-administered questionnaire survey was carried out during the time period 1 August-30 September 2005. SETTING Immunisation clinics of Pokhara, a submetropolitan city in western Nepal. ...

Advantages of pelleted feeds in terms of storage, transportation and lower costs compared to natural fresh feed justified the replacement of artificial feeds instead of natural ones partially on maturation performances. This study comprised nine treatments (with three replications) including control treatment: polychaete worm (Perinereis nuntia), Squid and calf liver (natural feed); T1: pellet ...

A growth and digestibility study was conducted using Osmanabadi goat male kids by feeding complete diets in the form of mash or expander extruded pellets containing different levels of red gram (Cajanus cajan) straw (RGS). Two iso-nitrogenous complete diets were prepared by incorporating RGS at 35% and 50% levels. Half the quantity of each complete mash feed was then converted into pellets thro...

Distension of the rumen limits feed intake by livestock. Ruminal dysfunctions due to bloat, which causes distension by accumulation of excessive gas within the rumen, also reduce feeding. We hypothesized that excessive levels of rumen distension cause feed aversions and that preference increases for feeds eaten in association with recovery from bloat. To test these hypotheses, we determined whe...

Much of the software people use for everyday purposes incorporates elements developed and maintained by someone other than the developer. These elements include not only code and databases but also data feeds. Although everyday information systems are not mission critical, they must be dependable enough for practical use. This is limited by the dependability of the incorporated elements. It is ...

An experiment was carried out to determine net microbial protein supply to ruminants from 15 tropical feeds. The study was done at Lyamungo research institute, on the slopes of Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania in 1993. Twenty Bos Taurus Bos Indicus bulls were used in three periods in a completely randomised design. The initial 19 days of each period were for adaptation by the bulls to their new enviro...